Test 3: fluid and electrolyte

Question 1

potassium level

Answer 1

3.5-5

Question 2

sodium level

Answer 2

135-145

Question 3

calcium level

Answer 3

8.5-10

Question 4

causes of fluid volume excess

Answer 4

CHF (most common)
Renal failure
Congenital heart defect 
Over hydration
Hormone imbalance
Malnutrition

Question 5

Causes of fluid deficit

Answer 5

Inadequate intake
Hemorrhage
V/D
Massive edema

Question 6

Types of fluid loss

Answer 6

Gastrointestinal
Insensible
Urinary
Fecal

Question 7

Body weight daily maintenance formula

Answer 7

100,50,20

Question 8

body weight hourly maintenance formula

Answer 8

40,20,10

Question 9

when to give isotonic IV fluids

Answer 9

Shock
Trauma
Fluid resuscitation
Blood loss
Dehydration (V/D)

Question 10

when to give hypotonic IV fluids

Answer 10

DKA

HNS

Question 11

when to give hypertonic IV fluids

Answer 11

Hyponatermia

Cerebral edema

Question 12

urine output for normal neonate

Answer 12

2ml/kg/hr

Question 13

urine output for normal child

Answer 13

1ml/kg/hr

Question 14

urine output for normal adolescent

Answer 14

0.5ml/kg/hr

Question 15

what does sever HYPERglycemia do to serum sodium

Answer 15

depresses it

Question 16

vascular fluid and sodium have what kind of relationship

Answer 16

inverse

Question 17

what moves passively with sodium

Answer 17

chloride

Question 18

when will you see cardiac arrhythmia due to potassium

Answer 18

potassium is < 3 or > 7

Question 19

what causes potassium to shift into the cell (hypo)

Answer 19

Insulin
Epi
Alkalosis
Hypothermia

Question 20

what causes potassium to shift out of the cell (hyper)

Answer 20

Metabolic acidosis