Test 2: Childhood problems Flashcards
Barrier protection from blood and body fluids
Involves the use of barrier protection (PPE) such as gloves, goggles, gowns, and masks
Standard precaution
Are designed for patients with documented or suspected infection or colonization with highly transmissible or epidemiologically important pathogens for which additional precaution beyond standard precaution are needed to interrupt transmissions in hospitals
transmission-based precautions
Small particle or evaporated droplets or dust
Negative pressure isolation room
Ex: measles, varicella, TB
Airborne
Large-particle droplets (sneeze, cough, speech, cry)
Contact with conjunctiva or mucous membranes
Ex: meningitis, pneumonia, epiglottitis, and sepsis
Droplet
Exercise judgment with gloves, gowns, masks
Contact
A state where immune bodies are actively formed against specific antigens, wither naturally by having had the disease clinically or subclinically or artificially by introducing the antigen into the individual
Active immunity
Temporary immunity obtained by transfusing immunoglobulin’s or antitoxins either artificially from another human or animal that has been actively immunized against an antigen or naturally from the mother to the fetus via the placenta
Passive
A condition in which the majority of the population community is vaccinated and the spread of certain diseases is stopped, since the population that has been vaccinated protects those in the same population who are unvaccinated
Herd immunity
Agent is Corynebacterium diphtheriae
Diphtheria
Transmission of Diphtheria
Direct contact
Clinical manifestations of Diphtheria
URI symptoms
Bulls neck
White or grey mucous membranes
Treatment of diphtheria
antibiotics
bed rest
Agent is varicella zoster virus
Chicken pox
transmission of chicken pox
direct contact and respiratory secretions
Precautions for chicken pox
standard
