Test 4 lec 22

Question 1

products of sugar breakdown can be catabolized to CO2 and H2O through the

Answer 1

TCA cycle

Question 2

where does the TCA occur in prokaryotes

Answer 2

cytoplasm

Question 3

where does the TCA occur in eukaryotes

Answer 3

mitochondria

Question 4

how does pyruvate enter TCA

Answer 4

breakdown to acetyl-coA and CO2

Question 5

Acetyl-CoA enters the TCA cycle by

Answer 5

condensing with the 4-C oxaloacetate to form citrate

Question 6

what subunit converts pyruvate to acetyl-CoA

Answer 6

pyruvate dehydrogenase complex

Question 7

pdc activity is under control by

Answer 7

increase in carbon source and repressed with low carbon and low oxygen

Question 8

what happens to the carbons from original glucose at end of TCA

Answer 8

released as waster CO2

Question 9

when is TCA fully completed

Answer 9

with electrons carried by coenzymes are donated to a terminal electron acceptor

Question 10

what are the end products of TCA

Answer 10

2 CO2, 3 NADH, 1 FADH2, 1 ATP

Question 11

how are electrons transferred

Answer 11

from reduced proteins and cofactors to more oxidized proteins and cofactors

Question 12

what is oxidative phosphorylation

Answer 12

the overall process of electron transport and ATP generation

Question 13

what is the glyoxylate shunt

Answer 13

glucose scarce, catabolize lipid breakdown into acetyl-CoA

two enzymes that divert isocitrate to glyoxylate and incorporate a second acetyl-CoA to form malate

Question 14

what is cut out in the glyoxylate shunt

Answer 14

loss of CO2

and electron transfer to energy carriers