Test 4 - HSV & Influenza Meds (Josh)

Question 1

What is an early sign of herpes virus?

Answer 1

tingling sensation

Question 2

Do these medications destroy Herpes Simplex Virus?

Answer 2

No, it lies dormant in nerves

Question 3

Which type of HSV effects the face?

Which type of HSV effects the genitals?

Answer 3

HSV-1 = face (you have ONE mouth)

HSV-2 = genitals (you have TWO balls)

Question 4

Suffix for HSV medications?

Answer 4

-cyclovir

Acyclovir
Valacyclovir

Question 5

Which -cyclovir med treats HSV-1?

Which -cyclovir med treats HSV-2)

Answer 5

TRICK QUESTION!

They each treat both

Question 6

Which HSV medication is IV?

Which is PO?

Answer 6

Acyclovir is IV & PO

Valacyclovir is PO

Question 7

What is diff. b/t Acyclovir and Valacyclovir?

Answer 7

Same drug, but Valacyclovir has an extra part added that increases it’s absorption

Question 8

Which requires more doses, Acyclovir or Valacyclovir?

Answer 8

Acyclovir

b/c Valacyclovir has the extra part added that increases it’s absorption

Question 9

MOA: -acyclovir (HSV Meds)

Answer 9

They are only activated in Viral cells

When activated, they disrupt the process of building new DNA

Question 10

What do we mean when we say that Valacyclovir meds are pro-prodrugs?

Answer 10

it is already a prodrug but it is only activated when in contact w/ enzymes within a virus

Question 11

Common Adverse Effects of -acyclovir (HSV Meds):

Answer 11

• Headache
• N/V
• Phlebitis (w/ IV acyclovir)

Question 12

Rare Adverse Effects of -acyclovir (HSV Meds):

Answer 12

• Crystal urea (kidneys)

- Altered Mental Status

Question 13

Why does -acyclovir have a rare adverse effect of Crystal Urea?

Answer 13

It has a hard time dissolving in H2O

So stay hydrated

Question 14

If mom has HSV-2, what can we do besides cesarean delivery to decrease child’s chances of catching?

Answer 14

Give mom PO -cyclovir med

Question 15

When can you give prophylactic PO -cyclovir (HSV Med)?

Answer 15

• Pregnant mom to protect baby

- Painful, recurrent HSV-2 outbreaks

Question 16

Two other uses for -cyclovir (HSV Meds)?

Answer 16

Encephalitis (IV Acyclovir)

Shingles (PO Acyclovir)

Question 17

Client teaching w/ -cyclovir (HSV Meds)

Answer 17

• earlier the better (tingling an early sign)
• not a cure (still contagious)
• drink plenty of fluids

Question 18

Most flu is Influenza A or Influenza B?

Answer 18

Influenza A (96%)

Question 19

How long does it take the flu vaccine to be effective?

Answer 19

1-2 weeks

Question 20

How long does the flu vaccine last?

Answer 20

~ 6 months

~4 months for elderly

Question 21

What percentage of flu vaccines cause the flu?

Answer 21

None.

They do not cause the flu

Question 22

What was the influenza medication we discussed?

Answer 22

oseltamivir

• gotta be > 1 yr old

Question 23

MOA: Oseltamivir (Flu Med)

Answer 23

Enzyme neuraminidase is needed for viral cell to exit host cell

Oseltamivir inhibits this enzyme, thus the virus cannot exit the cell

Question 24

What is the problem w/ oseltamivir as a flu medication?

Answer 24

If it’s not taken within 48 hours, doesn’t work.

We typically don’t go to the doctor within 48 hours.

Question 25

Is Oseltamivir good at treating the flu?

Answer 25

If taken within 48 hours, it does well at decreasing duration of symptoms

Also is effective at preventing flu, but NOT as effective as FLU VACCINE

Question 26

What is the importance of being well hydrated if taking -cyclovir (HSV Meds)?

Answer 26

Has a hard time dissolving and will crystallize in the kidneys

Question 27

Is osetlamivir a good substitute for the Flu Vaccine as a prophylactic medication?

Answer 27

NO, flu vaccine works better for prophylactic use and is cheaper