Test 3.1 Flashcards

1
Q

What’s the precent of decrease with attitude for O2 max

A

7-8 decrease

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2
Q

What’s the decease in performance with altitude

A

4-8%

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3
Q

How can you help athletes adapt to altitude

A

Arrive 2-3 weeks prior to event

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4
Q

What does arrive 2-3 weeks earlier help with

A
Acid base recovery in blood
Adjustment in blood volumes
    -increase hemoglobin
    -increase RBC and capillaries
Maximize cardiac output 
    -increase HR and RR
    -increase cheat volume
    -increase alveoli and mitochondria
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5
Q

What are problems with altitude

A
Oxygen deficiency
Tachycardia
Hyperventilation
Fewer RBCs
Problem with adaptation
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6
Q

What are the different altitude illnesses

A

Acute mountain sickness

Pulmonary edema

Sickle-cell trait reaction

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7
Q

What does acute mountain sickness consist of

A

Tissue disruption in brain causes a Na/K imbalance which causes fluid retention

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8
Q

Who does acute mountain sickness effect

A

Affects 1 out of 3 who go from low to moderate altitudes of 7,000-8,000 feet

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9
Q

What’s the symptoms of acute mountain sickness

A

Headache
Nausea/vomitting
Dyspnea
Sleep disturbances

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10
Q

When does pulmonary edema occur

A

Occurs between 9,000-10,000 ft

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11
Q

What happens during pulmonary edema and what are the symptoms

A

Lungs accumulate fluid in alveolar walls

Dyspnea
Cough
Headache 
Weakness
Unconscious
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12
Q

What happens during sickle-cell trait

A

Abnormal hemoglobin becomes deoxygenated at high altitudes and RBCs clump

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13
Q

Name the illness

RBCs destroyed and spleen becomes enlargers and may potentially rupture

A

Sickle-cell trait

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14
Q

What’s the treatment for all altitude illness

A

Lower altitude and give oxygen

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15
Q

What does overexposure to the sun cause

A

Premature aging

Skin cancer

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16
Q

What does premature aging consist of

A

Dryness, crackling, decreased elasticity

17
Q

What does skin cancer consist of

A

Most common in malignancy humans
Possibly damaged DNA from UV light
95% cure with early detection and tx

18
Q

What are the different types of skin cancer

A

Basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, malignant melanoma

19
Q

What are the S&S of air pollution

A

Respiratory problems
Eye irritation
Fatigue
Behavior and attention problems

20
Q

To prevent S&S, exercise when;

A

Commuter traffic is slowed(low smog)
Ozone levels are low ( early evening)
Temperatures are mild(low humidity)

21
Q

What does circadian dysthymia refer to

A

Aka “jet lag” refers to the physical and mental effects of traveling rapidly across several time zones

22
Q

What are the effects of jet lag

A

Cause negative performance

  • headache, fatigue
  • GI/bowel disruption
  • hormonal changes
  • endocrine changes
  • CV changes in BP, HR
23
Q

What does CV stand for

A

Cardiovascular

24
Q

Who is most effected by jet lag

A

Older people
People who fly from night to day, cold to warm, and across time zones
People flying east or west

25
What's the difference when flying west
30-50% faster when adaptation flying west
26
How many times zones are you most affected by
Flying through 5 different time zones
27
When does lightening watch occur
When in potential area
28
When does lightening warning occur
Lightening is already in area
29
What does ED stand for
Erratical disfunction
30
Can you have lightening without precipitation
No
31
What is tinnitus
Ringing in ears
32
What is the downward step leader
Negative Charged area in clouds sends a charge towards the ground
33
What is the positive step leader
Positive charged area in the ground sends a charge towards the cloud
34
What is the vertical strike
Cloud to ground strike
35
When must you seek shelter
If storm is within 10 miles
36
When must you give a warning
If storm is within 15 miles
37
Are cars a safe place during a lightening storm
Yes