Test 3.1 Flashcards
What’s the precent of decrease with attitude for O2 max
7-8 decrease
What’s the decease in performance with altitude
4-8%
How can you help athletes adapt to altitude
Arrive 2-3 weeks prior to event
What does arrive 2-3 weeks earlier help with
Acid base recovery in blood
Adjustment in blood volumes
-increase hemoglobin
-increase RBC and capillaries
Maximize cardiac output
-increase HR and RR
-increase cheat volume
-increase alveoli and mitochondriaWhat are problems with altitude
Oxygen deficiency Tachycardia Hyperventilation Fewer RBCs Problem with adaptation
What are the different altitude illnesses
Acute mountain sickness
Pulmonary edema
Sickle-cell trait reaction
What does acute mountain sickness consist of
Tissue disruption in brain causes a Na/K imbalance which causes fluid retention
Who does acute mountain sickness effect
Affects 1 out of 3 who go from low to moderate altitudes of 7,000-8,000 feet
What’s the symptoms of acute mountain sickness
Headache
Nausea/vomitting
Dyspnea
Sleep disturbances
When does pulmonary edema occur
Occurs between 9,000-10,000 ft
What happens during pulmonary edema and what are the symptoms
Lungs accumulate fluid in alveolar walls
Dyspnea Cough Headache Weakness Unconscious
What happens during sickle-cell trait
Abnormal hemoglobin becomes deoxygenated at high altitudes and RBCs clump
Name the illness
RBCs destroyed and spleen becomes enlargers and may potentially rupture
Sickle-cell trait
What’s the treatment for all altitude illness
Lower altitude and give oxygen
What does overexposure to the sun cause
Premature aging
Skin cancer
What does premature aging consist of
Dryness, crackling, decreased elasticity
What does skin cancer consist of
Most common in malignancy humans
Possibly damaged DNA from UV light
95% cure with early detection and tx
What are the different types of skin cancer
Basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, malignant melanoma
What are the S&S of air pollution
Respiratory problems
Eye irritation
Fatigue
Behavior and attention problems
To prevent S&S, exercise when;
Commuter traffic is slowed(low smog)
Ozone levels are low ( early evening)
Temperatures are mild(low humidity)
What does circadian dysthymia refer to
Aka “jet lag” refers to the physical and mental effects of traveling rapidly across several time zones
What are the effects of jet lag
Cause negative performance
- headache, fatigue
- GI/bowel disruption
- hormonal changes
- endocrine changes
- CV changes in BP, HR
What does CV stand for
Cardiovascular
Who is most effected by jet lag
Older people
People who fly from night to day, cold to warm, and across time zones
People flying east or west
What’s the difference when flying west
30-50% faster when adaptation flying west
How many times zones are you most affected by
Flying through 5 different time zones
When does lightening watch occur
When in potential area
When does lightening warning occur
Lightening is already in area
What does ED stand for
Erratical disfunction
Can you have lightening without precipitation
No
What is tinnitus
Ringing in ears
What is the downward step leader
Negative Charged area in clouds sends a charge towards the ground
What is the positive step leader
Positive charged area in the ground sends a charge towards the cloud
What is the vertical strike
Cloud to ground strike
When must you seek shelter
If storm is within 10 miles
When must you give a warning
If storm is within 15 miles
Are cars a safe place during a lightening storm
Yes
