M&C of Sports Trauma

Question 1

What are three mechanical factors that cause injury

Answer 1

Compression
Tension
Shear

Question 2

Define a compression injury and give examples

Answer 2

Force that crushes tissue

Ex: fractures and contusions

Question 3

Define tension and give example

Answer 3

Force that pull or stretches tissue

Ex: sprains and strains

Question 4

Define shear and give example

Answer 4

Movement across the parrell organization of the tissue

Ex: blisters and abrasion

Question 5

Define friction blisters

Answer 5

Continuous rubbing over the skin causes a collection of fluid

Question 6

Define Abrasions

Answer 6

Skin is scrapped against a rough surface

Question 7

Define skin bruises

Answer 7

Skin is crushed or compressed, bleeding under the skin

Question 8

Define laceration

Answer 8

Flesh that is irregularly torn

Question 9

Define skin avulsion

Answer 9

Similar to a laceration but skin is completely ripped off

Question 10

Define incision

Answer 10

Wound where skin has been sharply cut

Question 11

Define puncture wound

Answer 11

Skin penetrated by a sharp object

Question 12

What is tentanus

Answer 12

It is a bacteria infection caused by bacteria usually found in soil

Question 13

A bacterial skin infection is

Answer 13

Cellulitis

Question 14

Define trauma

Answer 14

A physical injury or wound sustained in sport produced by an internal or external force

Question 15

What are some skeletal muscles injuries

Answer 15

They amount for high % of injury and can be to the muscle belly, tendon, tendon sheath

Question 16

Define contusion

Answer 16

Due to a sudden traumatic blow

Question 17

Define strains

Answer 17

Stretch, tear or rip in the muscle, causes may be abnormal contraction

Question 18

What are some causes for strains

Answer 18

Mineral imbalance, fatigue, strength imbalance

Question 19

Ligaments get ….

Muscles get ….

Answer 19

Sprain

Strains

Question 20

Define the different grades of strains

Answer 20

grade 1 - local pain, minor loss of strength

Grade 2- moderate signs or symptoms, impaired muscle functions

Grade 3- severe signs or symptoms, loss of muscle function and palpable defect

Question 21

Name some of the common muscle strains

Answer 21

Hamstring
Gastroc
Quads
Hip flexor
Hip adductors
Back
Deltoid
Rotator cuff

Question 22

Tendons attach?

Answer 22

Muscle to bone

Question 23

Define muscle cramps and what are the two types of cramps

Answer 23

A painful involuntary muscle contraction

Clonic-alternating contraction/relaxing

Tonic- a rigid muscle contraction that last over a period of time

Question 24

What is acute onset muscle soreness

Answer 24

Related to impedance of circulation causing ischemia, lactic acid and potassium to collect in the muscle

Question 25

What is delayed onset muscle soreness

Answer 25

Caused by eccentric exercise, usually happens a couple days after workin out

Question 26

What are chronic muscle injures

Answer 26

Usually are slow progressing injures

Question 27

What are the types of muscle injury conditions

Answer 27

Myositis/facititis-inflammation or muscle/ fascia

Tendonitis- mircotrauma or degenerative changes in tendon

Tenosynovitis-inflammation of synovial sheath surrounding a tendon

Question 28

What are ligaments

Answer 28

Bundles of collagen fires that connect 2 bones

Are strongest at the middle and weak at the end

Question 29

What are the most common sprains

Answer 29

Ankle knee and shoulder

Question 30

How should you treat a first time dislocation

Answer 30

As a fracture

Question 31

What is MRSA

Answer 31

Methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus

Question 32

What is C.diff

Answer 32

Clostridium difficile

Question 33

What is the contractile soft tissue trauma

Answer 33

Muscle and it’s tendon or bony insertions