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K 231 > Body Composition Assessment > Flashcards

Body Composition Assessment Flashcards

1
Q

How many levels of body composition are there

A

5

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2
Q

What is body composition used for

A

To identify what % of body is lean tissue and what % is fat tissue

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3
Q

What are they things that play a roll in body composition

A

Gender, age, genetics and activity level

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4
Q

What is percent body fat

A

Portion of total body weight that is composed of fat tissue

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5
Q

What is lean tissue

A

Nonfat or lean tissue made up of muscles, tendons, bones, and connective tissue

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6
Q

What is the body fat % of a healthy adult male and athletes

A

Healthy adult male: 15-18%

Athletes: 8-12%

Should not be below 3%

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7
Q

What is the body fat % for a healthy women and athlete

A

Healthy women: 22-29%
Athlete: 10-18%

Should not be below 8%

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8
Q

Why do we asses body composition

A

Set weights guidelines for sports with weighty classes

Monitor athletes on diet programs

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9
Q

What is endomorph

A

Apple shaped or pear shaped

Women are usually more pear shaped

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10
Q

What is mesomorph and ectomorph

A

Mesomorph- normal body type

Ectomorph- skinny body type

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11
Q

Define obesity

A

Extreme amount of excessive fat

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12
Q

What is consider obese for females and males

A

Females- over 30% body fat

Male- over 20% body fat

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13
Q

How is obesity measured ?

A

BMI and body composition

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14
Q

What is obesity determined by

A

Number of adipose cells

Size of adipose cells

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15
Q

What is BMI used to asses

A

Normalcy for body weight and determine health problems

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16
Q

What is consider normal BMI

A

Anything less than 25

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17
Q

What is considered overweight BMI

A

BMI from 25-30

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18
Q

What is consider obese BMI

A

Anything more than 30

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19
Q

What are the different ways to asses body comp

A 
Hydrostatic weighing 
Bio electrical impedance
Skinfold measurements
Girth measurements
BOD POD
DEXA
20
Q

What is hydrostatic weighing

A

The gold standard (original method)
Underwater measuring
Muscle and bone weigh more then fat
Accuracy +- 3

21
Q

Why don’t we use hydrostatic weighing anymore

A

Too messy

Too dirty

22
Q

What is bioelectrical impedance

A

A weak electrical current is run through the body and impedance to the current is measured

23
Q

For bioelectrical, what does it mean if the currents runs through the body at a great rate

A

The body has more muscle present then fat

24
Q

What is the accuracy of bioelectrical impedance affected by

A

Caffeine, alcohol, and fluid intake

25
Q

What does skinfold measurements consist of

A

Inexpensive
Lange caliper or fat-o-meter
Measurements taken at different body sites and put into a forumla (body fat%)

26
Q

What is the error rate for skinfold measurement

A

3-5% of gold standard

27
Q

What are the measurement sites for skinfolds

A 
Triceps (largest % change with exercise)
Subscapular (smallest % change with exercise)
Suprailiac
Abdomen
Ant thigh
Midaxillary
Chest
Calf
28
Q

How many measurements should be taken at each site?

A

3

29
Q

Where should the measurements be taken

A

On the subjects right side

30
Q

How far should the caliper be from the grasp while measuring

A

1-2 cm

31
Q

What measurement should you record the thickness to?

A

Nearest 5 mm

32
Q

What is girth measurement used for

A

To predict body fat %
To rank individuals in a group based on relative “fatness”
Also to analyze body fat patterns

33
Q

What are some common sites for girth measurements

A

Biceps, forearm, abdomen, hips, thigh, calf

34
Q

What does IBV stand for

A

Initial body volume

35
Q

What does a bod pod consist of

A

Subject is weighed on an electrical scale to nearest 5kg

Rear chamber contains electronics, pressure transducers, breathing circuits, air circulation system

36
Q

What’s the equation for IBV

A

Empty chamber volume-chamber volume with person inside

37
Q

What are the two things the person needs to do before getting into a bod pod

A

Be dry

Wear tights

38
Q

What is the definition of body composition

A

Chemical, structural, and anatomical components of the human body

39
Q

What does body density for BOD POD equal

A

Body mass (in air) / body volume

40
Q

What does the Siri equation equal?

A

Body density to body fat %

41
Q

What does DEXA stand for

A

Dual energy XRay absorptiometry

42
Q

What does DEXA consist of

A

Uses low dose x-rays to distinguish between lean tissue, fat tissue, and bone

Very accurate
Requires expensive equipment
Also used to examine bone-mineral density
-osteoporsis

43
Q

What’s somatype

A

What you physically look like

44
Q

What’s anthropometric

A

Shape if the human body

45
Q

What’s the implications of BMI

A

Osteoarthritis
Diabetes
cardiovascular disease
Cancer

46
Q

What’s the limitations of BMI

A

Doesn’t account bone density
Doesn’t account for activity
Doesn’t account for Fat

K 231 (18 decks)

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