Test 3 Part 2 Flashcards
Certain cells have certain functions for good of the organism
Division of labor
Groups of cells with similar structure and functions
Tissues
Covering (in or outside)
Epithelial
Support (bones)
Connective
Movement
Muscle
Control
Nervous
Various tissues working together for a common function
Organs
-Lining, covering and glandular tissue
—Functions:’protection, absorption, filtration, secretions (useful substances)
Epithelial Tissue (epithelium)
Characteristics:
- cells fit closely together
- membranes have more free surface ledge which is exposed to body’s exterior or the cavity of an internal organ
- lower substance rests on basement membrane
- no blood supply of their won (avascular=no blood vessel)
- depend on diffusion
- high rate of motors is
Epithelial Tissue
What are the types of epithelium tissue?
Simple and stratified
One layer of cells
Simple
More than one layer of cells
Stratified
- mostly with absorption
- secretions and filtration, very thin
Simple epithelium
- in air sacs of lungs
- lines central body cavities
- covers organs
Simple squamous (scaly)
- glands and their ducts
- walls of the kidney tubules
- surface of ovaries
Simple cuboidal
- lining of the digestive tract
- stomach to anus
Simple columnar
Which secrete mucus are found in this type of epithelium
Goblet cells
- not all cells are of uniform height
- involved in secretion and absorption
Pseudo-stratified columnar epithelium
-lines the respiratory tract – cilia move debris upward
Pseudo-stratified ciliates columnar
- 2 or more cell layers, more durable, involved in protection
Stratified epithelium
- -several layer thick
- -mouth, esophagus, skin
Stratified squamous
- -ducts of large glands
- -rare in body
Stratified cuboidal and columnar
- most abundant tissue in body
- highly vascular for most types
- have matrix between cells
- bears weight, stretches
- high rate of mitosis
- protects, support
- matrix can absorb large amounts of water and store it
Characteristics of Connective Tissues
Is water with protein fibers, the consistency of the fibers determines the tissue
Matrix
-bone cells sit in Lacunae (spaces) surrounded by a hard matrix of calcium salts and collagen
Bones (Osseous tissue)
-more flexible than bone
Cartilage
Types of Cartilage
- Hyaline
- Fibrocartilage
- Elastic
- found in the larynx, ribs to the sternum
- covers ends of bones
Hyaline
-disks between vertebrae
Fibrocartilage
-ear
Elastic
-collagen is main fiber in matrix, fibroblasts produce it
Dense connective tissue (dense fibers)
Types of connective dense tissue
- Tenuous
2. Ligaments
-connect bones to muscles
Tenuous
-connect bones to bones, move stretchy than tendons
Ligaments
-more cells and fewer fiber than the above tissue has
Lose Connective Tissue
- soft, pliable, crush ions and protects body organs
- holds organs in position and together
- inflammation occurs when this tissue soaks
- up fluid, causes sweeping –Edema
Areolar Tissue
- most of the cell is an oil droplet
- hips, breasts, kidneys, eye sockets, under skin
- not equally distrusted throughout
3 Jobs
- Energy
- Insulation
- Shock absorption
Adipose
- interwoven fibers
- found in lymph nodes, spleen, bone marrow
Reticular connective tissue
-matrix is plasma
Blood (vascular tissue)
Red Blood Cells
-carries O2 and CO2
Erythrocytes
White blood cells
- fights invaders
Leukocytes
Platelets
-clotting blood
Thrombocytes
- *Muscle Fibers
- contract/shorten
- elongated
Muscle cells
What are the types of Muscle Tissue?
- Skeletal
- Cardiac
- Smooth
- voluntary
- multinucleate (many nucleus)
- *striated (strips)
Skeletal Muscle tissue
- only in your heart
- striated (strips)
- uninucleate ( 1 nucleus)
- branching cells that fit tightly together
- involuntary
Cardiac Muscle Tissue
- visceral (internal organs)
- single nucleus (uninucleate)
- cells are long and pointed at each other
- slow contractions
Smooth Muscle Tissue
- slow irritability and conductivity
- long, branched cells
- have supporting cells
Neurons (nerve cell)
-carry information from senses toward the brain and spinal cord
Sensory
-carry information from the brain and spinal cord to a muscle (then it moves) or to a gland (then it secrets something)
Motor
-sort information with in the brain or spinal cord
Associate (interneurons)
What are the types of Blood (vascular) Tissue
Erythrocytes
Leukocytes
Thrombocytes
What are the types of Loose connective tissue
Areolar
Adipose
Reticular
