Fetal Pig Test Flashcards
What is meant by gestation?
The amount of time the pig develops in the mother before it is born
What is the approximate age of your specimen?
100-115 days
What differences can be observed in the structure of an artery and a vein?
The veins and arteries varry in size. The coloring of the vein is also blue while the artery are pink. There is one layer vein and two smell arteries they are all long and thin
How does a fetus get rid of its waste products?
They filter their waste through the placenta and through mother
What function does the nictitating membrane have in the pig?
It protects and moistens the fetal pig
How many digits are present in the foot?
4 per foot, 16 total
What does the umbilical vein lead to?
The liver
How many lobes (sections) does the liver have?
5 lobes
Describe the mesentery
Tissue that holds the small intestine in place, and contains blood vessels
Where is the mesentery attached?
Curvature end of the stomach
What structure, the caecum, in humans is that junction?
The appendix
What is the posterior opening of the digestive tract called?
Anus
How do these ridges within the stomach aid in mechanical digestion?
It has a rugged surface which helps breakdown food even worse
What is the function of the pyloric valve?
Helps keep material flowing back to the stomach
What is the saclike structure you find under the liver?
Gall bladder
Describe what the gall bladder looks like
Brownish-clear color oval shaped
Where deos the common bile duct lead?
From liver and gall bladder to duodenum
Of what system is the sleep functionally apart?
The immune system
To break down and digest food in order to extract necessary nutrients from what you have eaten
Stomach
Breakdown of food by enzymes
Duodenum
Is absorption of nutrients and minerals from food
Small intestine
Forms and stores feces for defecation
Large intestine
Stores and releases bile
Gall bladder
Gland that produces hormones that regulate sugar
Pancreas
What essential organs are contained in the thoracic cavity?
Liver, heart, and lungs
What structure separates the thoracic cavity from the abdominal cavity?
The diaphragm
Does the diaphragm function in the fetus? Explain
No because the mother oxidizes the blood
What is the function of the thymus gland?
Brain structure that receives messages from the sense organs and relays the information to the proper region of the cerebrum for further processing
Why do the spongy lungs appear collapsed?
They don’t use the lungs at this stage. Instead the umbilical cord is used
Suggest a reason for the trachea being so constructed
To protect it from getting damaged
Describe the appearance of the esophagus
Small skinny tube like structure with arteries going through
How to the upper and soft palate of the month used in digestion?
To help break down the food by chewing and swallowing
Where does the needle appear when you run it through the nostril?
Back of the throat
What is the function of the epiglottis?
It switches the use between the esophagus and the larynx
System: endocrine
Function: produces hormones
Thymus gland
System: circulatory
Function: oxygen entering RBC
Lungs
System: respiratory
Function: releases thyroid hormones into body
Thyroid gland
System: lymphatic
Function: hold lymphocytes
Lymph glands
System: digestive
Function: carry food into stomach
Esophagus
Which is large the right or left ventricle?
Right ventricle
Can any difference be noted between the right and left atria?
The look very similar, no differences seen
What difference exists between those two chambers?
The atria are flap like and the ventricles feel more firm
Into what chamber of the heart do they open?
The right atria
From what chamber does it arise?
The left atria
To what structure do the pulmonary arteries lead?
The right ventricle
Why does this occur?
To prevent irregular transmitting of blood between the aorta and pulmonary artery
What is the importance of the coronary circulation?
To circulate blood throughout the heart
What results when coronary circulation is prevented?
The heart doesn’t get oxygen
In longitudinal section how do the walls of the atria and ventricles differ?
Ventricles are thicker and have cardiac muscle because they must be strong enough to push blood away from the heart and through the body. Atria only have to deal with blood flow
What is the function of the kidneys ?
Producing hormones absorbing minerals, filtering blood and producing orine
What substances are carried in the uro general duct?
Sperm and urine
In which of the previous structures would embryonic or fetal pigs be found?
Uterus
What are the four tissues?
Epithelial - skin
Connective - bone, fat, blood
Muscle - diaphragm
Nerve - brain
What are the 2 cavities?
Front - thoracic, abdominal
Back - cranial, spinal
Carry used blood into the right side of the heart
Superior (upper) and Interior (lower) vena cava
Receives blood for the superior and interior venas cavas
Right atrium
Is a powerful, muscled part of your heart that receives blood from the right atrium, then bumps it to the pulmonary artery
Right ventricle
Splits into two branches that carry blood from the right ventricle of the heart to the lungs
Pulmonary artery
Receives blood from the lungs and pumps it to the left artery
Left atrium
Then pumps the blood through the aorta
Left ventricle
Is a curved blood vessel that becomes the dorsal aorta
Aortic arch
Blood travels to the bottom half of the body
Descending aorta
