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Physiology Test > Test 2 > Flashcards

Test 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Has mass and takes up space

A

Matter

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2
Q

Doesn’t change the substance where as chemical does change

A

Physical Change

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3
Q

Example of this change is burning a piece of paper

A

Chemical Change

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4
Q

Massless, takes up no space, measured by effect on matter

A

Energy

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5
Q

Energy at stored

A

Potential

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6
Q

Energy of motion

A

Kinetic

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7
Q

Good

A

Chemical Energy

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8
Q

Flow of elements

A

Electrical Energy

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9
Q

Movement

A

Mechanical Change

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10
Q

Giving off of your body

A

Radiant

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11
Q

Pure substances (parotid table)

A

Elements

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12
Q

Smallest function of an element

A

Atom

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13
Q

Has a positive charge, has an AMU of 1 and is located in the center

A

Protons

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14
Q

Has a charge of neutral., located in the center, and has a mass of I AMU

A

Neutrons

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15
Q

What does AMU stand for?

A

Atomic Mass Unit

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16
Q

Has a charge of negative, located is outside of the nucleus, mass of small

A

Electrons

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17
Q

Number of protons.

A

Atomic number

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18
Q

Mass of the whole atom, protons, and neutrons

A

Mass number

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19
Q

Element with a varying number of neutrons

A

Isotopes

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20
Q

Ratio active isotope, precautions when using them

A

Radioisotope

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21
Q

2 or more atoms chemically combined

A

Molecules

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22
Q

Formula H2O, C6H12O6, short hand not write it out

A

Molecular

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23
Q

2 or more atoms to form a molecule

A

Compound

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24
Q

Energy relationships involving interactions between elements of reacting atoms

A

Chemical Bond

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25
Q

Energy Levels

A

3

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26
Q

2 electrons, closes to the nucleus

A

1st energy level

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27
Q

8 electrons (no more than 8)

A

2nd energy level

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28
Q

18, rule of 8, 8 electrons in valence shell

A

3rd energy level

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29
Q

Lose or gain

A

Ionic

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30
Q

Anions (gained electrons)

A

-Ions

31
Q

Cations (lost electrons)

A

+ions

32
Q

Molecule always has definite 3-D shape, electrons are shared

A

Covalent

33
Q

Non-polar covalently bonded molecules

A

Equal sharing of electrons

34
Q

2 charged poles, orient towards other polar molecules, water is an example

A

Polar molecule

35
Q

Are weak bands, important in DNA structure and also in helping protects to maintain their shape

A

Hydrogen bond

36
Q

A+B=AB

A

Synthesis Reaction

37
Q

AB=A+B

A

Decomposition Reaction

38
Q
  • carbon containing
  • large
  • covalently bonded
  • carbohydrates p, lipids, proteins nucleic Acids
A

Organic

39
Q
  • lack carbon
  • simpler
  • smaller
  • salts, water, acids, bases
A

Inorganic

40
Q

Most abundant, 60-70% of weight necessary because it holds and releases heat in large amount be there there is a great change in its temperature

A

Water

41
Q

Dissolves solutes to make a mixture

A

Solvent

42
Q

Is a solution of solute particles are small

A

Mixture

43
Q

If solute particles are large

A

Suspension

44
Q

Particles intermediate, solution is translucent

A

Colloids

45
Q

Oil for joints

A

Synovial fluid

46
Q

Gravity, moves along

A

Mucus

47
Q

Helps swallow

A

Saliva

48
Q
  • Ca+P are the most common
  • founded in bones and teeth
  • **in the body, salts dissociate to form ions
  • Na&K needed for nerve transmission
  • Fe needed for red blood cells
  • all are electrolytes
A

Salts

49
Q
  • sour taste
  • dissolve many metals
  • release H+ in detectable amounts
  • Proton donors
A

Acids

50
Q
  • bitter
  • feels slippery
  • proton acceptors
A

Bases

51
Q
  • chemical composition of Hydrogen
  • sugars plus starches
  • 2 to 1 ratio of Hydrogen and Oxygen-contains hydrogen oxygen and carbon
A

Carbohydrates

52
Q

There are how many groups of Carbohydrates?

A

3

53
Q

-glucose, galactose, fructose, ribose, deoxyribose

A

Monosaccharides

54
Q
  • created with 2 monosaccharides are joined by dehydration synthesis
  • H2O lost when molecule forms
  • sucrose (glucose + fructose)
  • maltose (glucose + glucose)
  • lactose (glucose + galactose)
A

Disaccharides

55
Q

-large insoluble, ideal for storage, lack sweetness starch – formed by linked glucose unites, get it from starchy foods

A

Polysaccharides

56
Q

Found in animal muscle and liver, smaller than starch

A

Glycogen

57
Q
  • large molecules
  • neutral fats, phospholipids and steroids are lipids found in the body
  • Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen
  • insoluble in water
A

Lipids

58
Q
  • triglycerides
  • fatty acids (3)
  • glycerol
  • animal fats are saturated, single carbon bonds with no more ability to bond with hydrogen
  • most abundant and concentrated source of energy
  • -around organs
  • -under skin
A

Neutra Fats

59
Q
  • 2 fatty acids and one phosphorus containing group and glycerol
  • have changed end, impotent for cells regulating movement of materials across all members
A

Phospholipids

60
Q
  • flat molecules with 4 interlocking rings
  • choiestered is the most important
  • found in animal fats
  • lover makes it
  • used for: vitamin D formation makes calcium go into bones, cell membrane, part of some hormones, bite salts help break down fats
A

Steroids

61
Q
  • 50% of organic material in the body
  • functions: construction and cell functions
  • contains C,H,N and sometimes S
  • amino acids are the building blocks
  • make up amino acids
  • 50 to thousands of amino acids may link together to for a protein
A

Proteins

62
Q
  • used for binding and strengthening
  • -ex: collagen -bones, cartilage, tendors
  • -ex: Keratin - hairs and nails
A

Fibrous/structural

63
Q
  • mobile, spherical
  • important in all biological process
  • -examples: antibodies, hormones, enzymes
A

Globular/function

64
Q

Takes proteins and twist them so it changes their physical structure

A

Denatured

65
Q
  • catalyze
  • reusable
  • millions of reactions each minutes
  • specilis
  • ace ending for most
A

Enzymes

66
Q
  • stores the energy from glucose
  • has adenine base, ribose sugar (5)
  • 3 phosphate groups -attached to each other by high energy bonds
A

ATP (adenosine triphosphate)

67
Q
  • make up genes
  • includes: carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, phosphate
  • nucleotides are the building blocks
A

Nucleic Acids

68
Q
  • base
  • pentose sugar (5 parts)
  • phosphate group
A

Nucleotide

69
Q 
A-adenine 
T-thymine 
C-cytosine
G-guanine 
U-uracil
A

Bases

70
Q
  • double helix
  • replicates all generic information in all cells
  • provides instructions for protein synthesis
A

DNA

71
Q

-carries orders for protein synthesis

A

RNA

72
Q

-carries message for protein building from DNA to ribosomes

A

mRNA

73
Q

Takes amino acids to ribosome

A

tRNA

74
Q

Forms part of ribosomes, oversees the transmission of message and amino acid bonding to make proteins

A

rRNA

Physiology Test (9 decks)

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