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Physiology Test > Naming Skeletal Muscles > Flashcards

Naming Skeletal Muscles Flashcards

1
Q

Decreases the angle at a joint, brings 2 bones closer together

A

Flexion

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2
Q

Opposite of flexion

A

Extension

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3
Q

Extension greater than 180 degrees is

A

Hyperextension

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4
Q

Bone moves around longitudinal axis

A

Rotation

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5
Q

Moving limb away from the midline also applies to fanning moving of the fingers and toes when they are spread apart

A

Abduction

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6
Q

Opposite of abduction

A

Adduction

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7
Q

Flexion, extension, adduction, abductor combination, ball and socket

A

Circumduction

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8
Q

End of limb is stationary

A

Proximal

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9
Q

End moves in a circle

A

Distal

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10
Q

Standing in heels, moving foot to bring superior surface closer to the skin

A

Dorsiflexion

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11
Q

Pointing toes, walking on toe “bottom on foot”

A

Plantar flexion

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12
Q

Turn sole medically (in)

A

Inversion

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13
Q

Turn sole laterally (out)

A

Eversion

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14
Q

Forearm rotates laterally, palms up

A

Supination

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15
Q

Palms down

A

Pronation

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16
Q

Move thumb to touch tips of other fingers on the same hand

A

Opposition

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17
Q

Mus

A

Mouse

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18
Q

Muscle

A

Little mouse

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19
Q
  • attached to body’s skeleton
  • multinudeated cells
  • smooth the body’s contour
  • striated
  • voluntary
  • can be activated by reflexes
  • contract rapidly with great force
  • fatigues easily
A

Skeletal muscle

20
Q
  • no striations
  • involuntary
  • stomach, bladder,respiratory passages
  • one nucleus in each cell
  • found in sheets or layers
  • contractions are slow and long
  • not easily fatigued
A

Smooth muscle

21
Q
  • heart only
  • striated
  • involuntary
  • branching cells
A

Cardiac muscle

22
Q

What are the muscle functions ?

A
  1. Movement
  2. Maintaining posture
  3. Stabilize joints
  4. Generatic heat
23
Q
  • attachment to the Immoveable bone, or less moveable bone
A

Origin

24
Q

Attached to the moveable bone

A

Insertion

25
Q

Visible movement

A

Isotonic

26
Q

Contraction against something Immoveable

A

Isometric

27
Q

Disuse, muscle gets smaller

A

Atrophy

28
Q

Excessive muscle size

A

Hypertrophy

29
Q

Either a muscle cell contracts or it doesn’t

A

All-or-nothing law

30
Q

Contraction without relaxation

A

Tetanus

31
Q

Caused by bacteria that live in soil and they (bacteria) don’t like high oxygen environment

A

Tetanus (disease)

32
Q

Where neurons and muscle fibers meet there is a synapse at the junction

A

Neuromuscular junction

33
Q

A neuron and all of the muscle fibers it causes to move (can be few or hundreds)

A

Motor unit

34
Q

Continuous partial contraction of muscles – keeps you upright

A

Muscle tone

35
Q

Loss of muscle tone

A

Flaccid

36
Q

Benefits of aerobic exercise

A
  • stronger muscles
  • more flexible muscles
  • greater resistance to fatigue
  • blood supply to muscle increases
  • cells form more mitochondria
  • cells store more oxygen
  • makes metabolism more efficient
  • improves digestion and elimination
  • enchases coordination
  • makes the skeleton stronger
  • heart enlarges to pump more blood with each beat
  • fat deposits cleared
  • lungs become more efficient
  • doesn’t cause much increase in muscle size
37
Q

Direction of fibers are:

A

Rectus: up and down
Oblique: on the diagonal
Orbicularis: circle

38
Q

Relative size:

A

Maximus: big
Minimus: little
Longus: long

39
Q

Location:

A

Frontalis: frontal bone

40
Q

Number of origins: (attachments)

A

Biceps: 2
Triceps: 3
Quadriceps: 4

41
Q

Location of the muscles origin and insertion:

A

Sternocleidomastoid
Sterno: sternum
Cleido: clavicle
Mastoid: mastoid process on the temporal bone

42
Q

Shape:

A

Deltoid: heat

43
Q

Action:

A

Flexor: bringing 2 bones closer together
Extensor: not flexing, 180 movement
Adductor: moving away from midline

44
Q

Myo

A

Muscle

45
Q

Sacro

A

Flesh

46
Q

Is a broad sheet of connective tissue that connects muscles to each other or muscles to bones

A

Aponeurosis

Physiology Test (9 decks)

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