test 3 DSM-5 Flashcards
What three factors can help us distinguish between (normal) everyday anxiousness and clinically relevant (disorder-level) anxiety?
Irrationality, intensity and length and impairment
Why is having a specific situational stimulus important in the planning of clinical intervention for anxiety disorders? Give an example of an anxiety disorder with a clear and specific stimulus and a disorder without a clear stimulus.
When we know what causes the episodes we know where to begin treatment. Has a clear specific stimulus, does not have a clear, specific stimulus
Ocd- clear specific stimulus
Panic disorder and Generalized Anxiety Disorder - no clear specific stimulus
Briefly describe the two primary components of the behavioral treatments for anxiety disorders.
- exposure to the feared stimulus
- prevention to escape the response
Label the variations of exposure-based interventions used in the treatment of anxiety and related disorders on the basis of the intensity (gradual vs. intense) and the nature (in vivo v. imaginal) of the exposure utilized in the intervention.
Label the variations of exposure-based interventions used in the treatment of anxiety and related disorders on the basis of the intensity (gradual vs. intense) and the nature (in vivo v. imaginal) of the exposure utilized in the intervention.
Gradual Imaginal:
systemic desensitization
gradual in vivo:
Graduated exposure
Intense imaginal:
implosive therapy
Intense in vivo:
flooding
What is an Adjustment disorder, as defined DSM-5?
The development of emotional or behavioral symptoms in response to an identifiable stressor(s) occurring within 3 months of the onset of the stressor(s)
Define Worry
Uncontrollable cognitive intrusions
Name and briefly describe the three Dissociative Disorders presented in DSM-5. What do these disorders have in common?
- Dissociative Identity Disorder: disruption in identity characterized by two or more personality states. Marked discontinuity in sense of self. Recurrent gaps in the recall of everyday events. Not attributable to physiological effects of substance abuse.
- Dissociative Amnesia: An inability to recall important autobiographical information. Symptoms cause clinically significant distress or impairment in social, occupational, and other important areas of functioning. Disturbance not better explained by DID, PTSD, ASD, SSD, or major or mild neurocognitive disorder.
- Depersonalization/De-realization disorder: persistent or recurrent experiences of depersonalization - a state in which one’s thoughts and feelings seem unreal or not to belong to oneself, or in which one loses all sense of identity (AND) De-realization – experiences of unreality or detachment with respect to surroundings/a feeling that one’s surroundings are not real. Reality testing remains intact. Disturbance not better explained by another mental disorder.
The dissociative disorders are characterized by a disruption of and/or discontinuity in the normal integration of: consciousness, identity, and memory.
Name and briefly describe the four Somatic Symptom Disorder presented in the DSM-5. What do these disorders have in common?
- Somatic Symptom disorder: one or more somatic symptoms that are distressing or result in significant disruption of daily life, that, may not be continuous, but persist typically for 6 months.
- Illness Anxiety Disorder: Preoccupation with having or acquiring an illness. Somatic symptoms, if present, are mild in intensity. Not better explained by other mental disorder.
- Conversion Disorder (Functional Neurological Symptom Disorder): One or more symptoms of altered voluntary motor or sensory function causing clinically significant distress or impairment in daily functioning. Not better explained by another medical or mental disorder.
- Factitious Disorder: Falsification of physical or psychological sign or symptoms, or induction of injury or disease, associated with identified deceptions
What they have in common:The prominence of somatic symptoms associated with significant distress and impairment
Distinguish between Malingering and Factitious Disorder.
- Factitious disorder differs from a pattern of falsified or exaggerated behavior called malingering. While malingerers make their claims out of a motivation for personal gain, people with factitious disorder have no such motivation.
- Briefly describe the diagnostic criteria for Pica and Rumination Disorder.
- Pica: Persistent eating of nonnutritive, nonfood, substances over a period of a month and is inappropriate to the developmental level of the individual. Is not otherwise characterized by culturally supported practices or another mental disorder.
- Rumination Disorder: repeated regurgitation of food over a period of at least 1 month. Regurgitated food may be re-chewed, re-swallowed, or spit-out. Not attributable to gastrointestinal, other medical condition or mental disorder and does not occur exclusively during the course of anorexia.
Distinguish between Anorexia and Bulimia (provide both common and distinctive symptoms).
In common: Preoccupation with food, fear of weight gain, distorted body image
Difference: anorexics are underweight. Bulimics have binge and purge cycles
Briefly describe the diagnostic criteria for Binge-Eating Disorder.
Binge-eating disorder: recurrent episodes of binge eating. An episode of binge eating, that occurs @ least once a week for 3 weeks, that is characterized by both of the following: (1) eating an amount of food that is definitely larger than most people would eat under similar circumstances; (2) sense of lack of control over eating during the episode. The episode is associated with 3 or more of the following: (1) eating much more rapidly than normal (2) eating until feeling uncomfortably full (3) eating large amounts of food when not feeling physically hungry (4) eating alone because of feeling embarrassed by how much one is eating (5) feeling disgusted with oneself, depressed, or very guilty afterward.
Briefly describe the diagnostic criteria for Enuresis and Encopresis.
- Enuresis: repeated voiding of urine into one’s bed or clothes. Present for @ least twice a week or @ least 3 consecutive months or result from significant distress or impairment in social, academic or other areas of functioning. May be involuntary or intentional. Chronological age is at least 5 years old or developmentally equivalent. Not attributable to physiological effects of a substance or another medical condition.
- Encopresis: a repeated passage of feces into inappropriate places, whether involuntary or intentional. @ least one such event occurs each month for 3 months. Chronological age is @ least 4 years or developmentally equivalent. Not attributable to physiological effects or of a substance or another medical condition.
