test 3 ch 8 Flashcards
Explain the concept of homotypic comorbidity as it relates to anxiety disorders?
Anxiety disorders are highly comorbid within themselves. Many children with an anxiety disorder have often had more than one—whether concurrently or across development.
What is DSM-5 criterion A for Specific Phobia?
Marked fear or anxiety about a specific object or situation. (e.g. flying, heights, animals, receiving an injection, seeing blood)
What is DSM-5 criterion A for Separation Anxiety Disorder?
Developmentally inappropriate and excessive fear or anxiety concerning separation from those to whom the individual is attached
Describe two of the most common and interfering symptoms associated with Separation Anxiety Disorder (SAD)
School refusal behavior
Complaints of aches, pains, or other symptoms of physical illness.
List criterion A for Social Anxiety Disorder (Social Phobia).
Marked fear or anxiety about one or more social situations in which the individual is exposed to the possible scrutiny by others. Examples include social interactions, being observed, and performing in front of others and in children interaction must occur in peer settings.
List criterion A for Selective Mutism.
Consistent failure to speak in specific social situations in which there is an expectation for speaking; despite speaking in other situations.
List criterion A for Panic Disorder,
Recurrent unexpected panic attacks. A panic attack is an abrupt surge of intense fear or discomfort.
What are the symptoms associated with panic attacks most commonly reported by children and adolescents?
Palpitations, trembling or shaking, dizziness, shortness of breath, faintness, sweating, and chest pain.
Why did the DSM-5 unlink panic disorder and agoraphobia?
Research suggests that a number of adolescents and adults experience agoraphobia without panic symptoms. Often they occur separately.
List criterion A for Generalized Anxiety Disorder.
Excessive anxiety and worry (apprehensive expectation), occurring more days than not for at least 6 months, about a number of events or activities (such as work or school performance).
Explain the role of gender role orientation in anxiety.
Gender role orientation accounts for more variability in anxiety symptoms presentation in girls
Weems and Costa (2005) found a pattern of specific concerns/fears pertaining to three different age groups. What are the concerns/fears associated with each of the three age groups?
· Concerns regarding separation were most common in the youngest age group (6-9)
· Fears related to death and danger were most common in the middle age group (10-13)
· Social and performance concerns were most common in the oldest age group (14-17)
What does information-processing theories of anxiety suggest?
Children with heightened anxiety should selectively attend to threatening over nonthreatening information.
What is the association between parent and child anxiety?
Child’s risk of an anxiety disorder is 2.7 times greater when at least one parent has a lifetime history of anxiety and 4.7 times greater when at least one parent has a current anxiety disorder.
Explain the findings of McLeod and colleagues regarding negative parenting dimensions.
Results suggest that the presence of negative parenting dimensions of withdrawal and aversiveness is much more strongly associated with child anxiety than is the absence of the positive parenting dimension of warmth.
