TEST 3 ch 10 Flashcards
What characteristics did Horowitz and colleagues give PTSD in the DSM-III in 1980 that still remain among its core symptoms? list 3
-Uncontrollable remembering of the original stressful events; -efforts to forget those events; -social withdrawal
What is a result of cues of PTSD being difficult to avoid in the real world?
As a consequence traumatized individuals become inclined to withdraw from the world, numb their affective responses, and sometimes resort to dissociation.
What is the characteristic “phasing?” Why does this occur?
Alteration between re-experiencing and avoiding trauma-related memories and cues. Occurs as a result of being unable to avoid intrusive memories of their traumatic experiences for very long.
Why was Acute Stress Disorder included in DSM-IV? What PTSD symptoms did it include?
To reflect a significant reaction that lasted between a few days and 1 month. It included the PTSD symptoms of reexperiencing, avoidance and arousal as well as dissociative symptoms.
What does DSM-5 criteria no longer require for children over 6 years, adolescents, and adults? Why is this important?
A peritraumatic intense or observable reaction. Important for children who may not be able to report their reactions or may not react visibly. It is also important for chronically traumatized youth who may have learned not to react or are not able to identify their emotions.
Among associated features of PTSD, what other symptoms might young children experience?
Developmental regression, difficulties regulating emotions or maintaining stable interpersonal relationships, or dissociative symptoms.
What are the six problems that clinicians reported victims of prolonged interpersonal trauma having? list 4
- memory and attention
- self-perception
- interpersonal relations
- systems of meaning
Approximately what percentage of individuals in the United States are exposed to one or more traumatic events in their lifetime?
70-80%
What does the general gender evidence suggest about adults and children?
Women are twice as likely to develop PTSD as men, and that their symptoms last up to four times longer than those of men. Gender differences are less apparent in young children.
What is Delayed-onset PTSD (PTSD with delayed expression)?
The occurrence of diagnosable PTSD more than 6 months after an event when the full PTSD criteria were not met before that time.
PTSD commonly occurs in association with what disorders?
Anxiety disorders, depressive disorders, substance use disorders, and/or conduct disorders.
Why will PTSD Criterion A need to be revised?
In order to represent neglect and emotional abuse clearly.
