Chapter 12 Test 2

Question 1

What is the difference between early-onset schizophrenia and childhood-onset-schizophrenia?

Answer 1

Early onset schizophrenia is defined as schizophrenia with onset prior to age 18 years; Childhood-onset schizophrenia refers to this disorder with onset prior to age 13 years.

Question 2

List 3 of the developmental differences in the pattern and qualitative presentation of symptoms in juveniles

Answer 2

Hallucinations, thought disorder, flattened affect

Question 3

Differentiate between acute and prodromal phases of schizophrenia

Answer 3

The acute phase, when most affected individuals are first diagnosed, is characterized by significant positive symptoms. During this phase, patients may be grossly disorganized, confused, and potentially dangerous to themselves or others. Prior to the onset of positive symptoms, individuals experience prodromal symptoms coupled with a decline in function that presages the illness. Abnormalities in the prodromal phase include social isolations, academic difficulties, odd or idiosyncratic preoccupations, and mood symptoms.

Question 4

What are the most clinically relevant comorbidities that need to be assessed in patients with EOS?

Answer 4

• Depression
• Anxiety and Related disorders
• Substance Use disorders
• Intellectual deficits
• Suicidality

Question 5

What does the “common-disease, common-variant” model suggest?

Answer 5

Some combination of common risk variants and/or exposures to environmental risk factors ultimately leads to the illness.

Question 6

List 3 of the contributing environmental

Answer 6

Environmental factors: advancing paternal age, marijuana use, and migrant status

Question 7

What do the findings concerning prevalence rates of schizophrenia across cultures suggest?

Answer 7

Increased stress, may result from an increased risk of developing schizophrenia.