test 3. 9 and 10 Flashcards
small intestinal vs LI GI signs
parvo puppy presents as
bloody diarrhea
vomiting
anorexia
dehydration
leukopenia- ↓WBC
- affects rapidly diving cells- BM and GI intestinal crypts
- unvaccinated
feline parvo is called
panleukopenia
if mom cat gets feline parvo what will happen to kittens
cerebellar hypoplasia- intention tremor
canine distemper presents as
repsiratory- nasal discharge, conjunctivitis that progresses to V/D and then neuro signs
- unvaccinated
- inclusion bodies
campylobacter is has similar infection rates in
animals with and without diarrhea
- gram negative rod
two types of clostridium
C. perfringens (CPE- enterotoxin)
C. difficule- toxins A and B
treatment for clostridium
metronidazole
- clostridium is a gram + spore forming anaerobe
giardia is tested for with
zinc sulfate float
treatment for giardia
fenbendazole
metronidazole
protozoan that can cause SI diarrhea
— can cause large intestinal diarrhea in cats
Tritrichomonas foetus
how to treat Tritrichomonas foetus
ronidazole
* med not really used for anything else, can be hard to find
protozoan that causes LI diarrhea in cats
— is used for animals with acute diarrhea for intestinal parasites
fenbendazole (panacur)
dog with LI GI signs, neuro and suddenly blind
Prototheca
acute hemorrhagic diarrhea disorder or hemorrhagic gastroenteritis (HGE) presents as
young, small dogs
* raspberry jam diarrhea
* vomiting
* high PCV, normal TS
chronic enteropathy is a broad term that covers
diagnostic approach for chronic diarrhea
PLE animals will have low
albumin
globulin
cholesterol
- usually lost through GI tract- chronic diarrhea- IBD, Lymphoma, lymphangiectasia
how is folate absorbed
- dietary folate not absorbable
- in proximal SI(duodeum or jejunum), is converted into absorbable form
how is cobalamin absorbed
in distal SI (ilium)
* pancreas needs to be normal- making intrinsic factor
* cobalamin is VitB12
what does folate and cobalamin tell you
where there is GI malabsorption
- duodenum= low folate
- ileum= low cobalamin (B12)
what antibiotic for ARD
tylosin
metro
ocytetracycline
what is IBD
inflammatory bowel disease
* spectrum of disorders
* chronic signs
* histo shows GI inflammation with unknown cause
* responds to anti-inflammatory/ immunosuppressive therapy
how to diagnose IBD
ultrasound
* thickened intestinal wall
* abnormal wall layering
* mesenteric lymphadenopathy
* US may be normal
Biospy will give definitive diagnosis
intestinal lymphangiesctasia
- dilated lacteal/lymphatic vessels that are rupturing
what can cause secondary intestinal lymphangiectasia
IBD
* lipogranulomatous lymphangitis
* thoracic duct obstruction
* right sided heart failure
clinical signs of intestinal lymphangiectasia
weight loss
polyphagia
∓ diarrhea
fatty poops- steatorrhea
lethargic
ascites- will have PLE (low proteins and cholesterol)
dogs with GI lymphoma usually have —
- LSA or intermediate LSA
- most stay in GI- lymph nodes will be normal
- anorexia, V/D, weight loss
how to treat IBD
- long term disease- manage not cure
- reduce antigens- change diet ∓ antibiotics
- drugs: steroids- prednisone, metro, tylosin, azathioprine, cyclosporine, ASA, chorambucil
how to treat intestinal lymphangiectasia
low fat diet
steroids
how to treat dog GI lymphoma
large cell= combination chemo
different from cats which are mostly small cell- treated by pred and chlorambucil
how to treat GI lymphoma in cats
- most are small cell LSA: pred and chlorambucil
- some large cell or large granular: combo chemo
