test 3. 9 and 10

Question 1

small intestinal vs LI GI signs

Answer 1

Question 2

parvo puppy presents as

Answer 2

bloody diarrhea
vomiting
anorexia
dehydration
leukopenia- ↓WBC

• affects rapidly diving cells- BM and GI intestinal crypts
• unvaccinated

Question 3

feline parvo is called

Answer 3

panleukopenia

Question 4

if mom cat gets feline parvo what will happen to kittens

Answer 4

cerebellar hypoplasia- intention tremor

Question 5

canine distemper presents as

Answer 5

repsiratory- nasal discharge, conjunctivitis that progresses to V/D and then neuro signs

• unvaccinated
• inclusion bodies

Question 6

campylobacter is has similar infection rates in

Answer 6

animals with and without diarrhea

• gram negative rod

Question 7

two types of clostridium

Answer 7

C. perfringens (CPE- enterotoxin)
C. difficule- toxins A and B

Question 8

treatment for clostridium

Answer 8

metronidazole

• clostridium is a gram + spore forming anaerobe

Question 9

giardia is tested for with

Answer 9

zinc sulfate float

Question 10

treatment for giardia

Answer 10

fenbendazole
metronidazole

protozoan that can cause SI diarrhea

Question 11

— can cause large intestinal diarrhea in cats

Answer 11

Tritrichomonas foetus

Question 12

how to treat Tritrichomonas foetus

Answer 12

ronidazole
* med not really used for anything else, can be hard to find

protozoan that causes LI diarrhea in cats

Question 13

— is used for animals with acute diarrhea for intestinal parasites

Answer 13

fenbendazole (panacur)

Question 14

dog with LI GI signs, neuro and suddenly blind

Answer 14

Prototheca

Question 15

acute hemorrhagic diarrhea disorder or hemorrhagic gastroenteritis (HGE) presents as

Answer 15

young, small dogs
* raspberry jam diarrhea
* vomiting
* high PCV, normal TS

Question 16

chronic enteropathy is a broad term that covers

Answer 16

Question 17

diagnostic approach for chronic diarrhea

Answer 17

Question 18

PLE animals will have low

Answer 18

albumin
globulin
cholesterol

• usually lost through GI tract- chronic diarrhea- IBD, Lymphoma, lymphangiectasia

Question 19

how is folate absorbed

Answer 19

• dietary folate not absorbable
• in proximal SI(duodeum or jejunum), is converted into absorbable form

Question 20

how is cobalamin absorbed

Answer 20

in distal SI (ilium)
* pancreas needs to be normal- making intrinsic factor
* cobalamin is VitB12

Question 21

what does folate and cobalamin tell you

Answer 21

where there is GI malabsorption

• duodenum= low folate
• ileum= low cobalamin (B12)

Question 22

what antibiotic for ARD

Answer 22

tylosin
metro
ocytetracycline

Question 23

what is IBD

Answer 23

inflammatory bowel disease
* spectrum of disorders
* chronic signs
* histo shows GI inflammation with unknown cause
* responds to anti-inflammatory/ immunosuppressive therapy

Question 24

how to diagnose IBD

Answer 24

ultrasound
* thickened intestinal wall
* abnormal wall layering
* mesenteric lymphadenopathy
* US may be normal

Biospy will give definitive diagnosis

Question 25

Answer 25

intestinal lymphangiesctasia

• dilated lacteal/lymphatic vessels that are rupturing

Question 26

what can cause secondary intestinal lymphangiectasia

Answer 26

IBD
* lipogranulomatous lymphangitis
* thoracic duct obstruction
* right sided heart failure

Question 27

clinical signs of intestinal lymphangiectasia

Answer 27

weight loss
polyphagia
∓ diarrhea
fatty poops- steatorrhea
lethargic
ascites- will have PLE (low proteins and cholesterol)

Question 28

dogs with GI lymphoma usually have —

Answer 28

• LSA or intermediate LSA
• most stay in GI- lymph nodes will be normal
• anorexia, V/D, weight loss

Question 29

how to treat IBD

Answer 29

• long term disease- manage not cure
• reduce antigens- change diet ∓ antibiotics
• drugs: steroids- prednisone, metro, tylosin, azathioprine, cyclosporine, ASA, chorambucil

Question 30

how to treat intestinal lymphangiectasia

Answer 30

low fat diet
steroids

Question 31

how to treat dog GI lymphoma

Answer 31

large cell= combination chemo

different from cats which are mostly small cell- treated by pred and chlorambucil

Question 32

how to treat GI lymphoma in cats

Answer 32

• most are small cell LSA: pred and chlorambucil
• some large cell or large granular: combo chemo