21

Question 1

where does anal sac sit

Answer 1

between internal (smooth muscle) and external anal sphincter (skeletal muscle)

Question 2

type 1 atresia ani

Answer 2

very small anal opening
* stenosis

Question 3

type 2 atresia ani

Answer 3

anal membrane at the end- blind pouch

Question 4

atresia ani type 3

Answer 4

blind end of rectum more cranillary than type 2

Question 5

type 4 atresia ani

Answer 5

anus and terminal rectum are normal
* cranial rectum ends as blind pouch within the pelvic canal

Question 6

anogenital cleft

Answer 6

cloaca- feces and urine in same place

Question 7

perianal gland adenoma are usually — and occur in — dogs

Answer 7

benign
older intact male dogs

Question 8

perianal gland adenocarcinomas occur in

Answer 8

intact males, german shepherd, artic breeds
* rare
* tend to met to lymph nodes

Question 9

open technique for anal sac removal

Answer 9

Question 10

closed technique for anal sack removal

Answer 10

Question 11

paraneoplastic from anal sac tumor will cause

Answer 11

high calcium from PTHrp

Question 12

perianal fistula caused by

Answer 12

immune mediated

Question 13

medical therapy for perianal fistula

Answer 13

• immune mediated
• cyclosporine- suppress T cell activation, may need long term treatment