test 3. 12

Question 1

difference between small and large intestine

Answer 1

SI: villi- nutrient absorbtion
LI- No villi, more goblet cells making mucous, water and salt absorbtion

Question 2

LI diarrhea presents with

Answer 2

increased frequency
decreased volume
frank blood- hematochezia
mucus

Question 3

what can cause constipation

Answer 3

dehydrated
mechanical vs functional obstruction
behavioral
painful

Question 4

management of 1st constipation episode

Answer 4

rehydrate
remove impacted feces
laxative/ diet change

Question 5

managment of recurring constipation episodes

Answer 5

rehydrate
find and fix underlying cause
remove feces
diet change
laxative
prokinetics

Question 6

how does insoluble fiber work as laxative

Answer 6

poorly fermentable

• bulk forming- increases water content, decreases GI transit time nad increases frequency of defectation
• make larger poops, high water content= softer poop

cellulose, liginins, peanut

Question 7

how do soluble fibers work

Answer 7

soluble= highly fermentable
* make soft stools with less bulk
* make SCFA which increases colonic motility

beet pulp, gums/pectins, psyllium

Question 8

megacolon soluble or nonsoluble fiber

Answer 8

soluble- do not want to increase fecal bulk

Question 9

how does lactulose work

Answer 9

• poorly absorbed pilysaccharide that is converted into organic acids by fermentation in the gut
• these organic acids will increase colonic secretion and motility
• also hyperosmolar so it will pull water into the GI tract= softer stools

Question 10

— is a 5HT4 agonist that increases gastric motility

Answer 10

cisapride- taken off human market so it needs to be compounded

Question 11

two types of feline megacolon

Answer 11

• dilated- endstage- very thin walls- functional defect or idiopathic
• hypertrophic- 2nd to obstruction (less common)

Question 12

histiocytic ulcerative colitis presents in

Answer 12

young boxers and frenchies
less then 4 years old

Question 13

clinical signs of histiocytic ulcerative colitis

Answer 13

large bowel diarrhea
weight loss
anemia
low protein

Question 14

biopsy of histiocytic ulcerative colitis will show

Answer 14

• loss of colonic epithelial and goblet cells
• large numbers of PAS + macrophages

boxers- LI diarrhea, weight loss, anemia, low protein, thickened colon
caused by AI ecoli

Question 15

histiocytic ulcerative colitis is caused by

Answer 15

adherent and invasive E coli

boxers- LI diarrhea, weight loss, anemia, low protein, thickened colon

Question 16

how to treat histiocytic ulcerative colitis

Answer 16

Enrofloxacin

• caused by E. coli
• need C/S to pick the right antibiotic

boxers- LI diarrhea, weight loss, anemia, low protein, thickened colon