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Orthopedic Diagnosis > Test 2 Wrist and Hand > Flashcards

Test 2 Wrist and Hand Flashcards

1
Q

The hand accounts for about __% of upper limb function. The thumb is involved in __-__% of hand function. The index finger is involved in about __% of hand function.

A

90%
40-50%
20%

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2
Q

The middle finger is the strongest and accounts for about __% of all hand function. It is important for both __ and __ functions

A

20
precision
power

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3
Q

DIstal radio-ulnar joint is a __ joint that unites the distal radius and ulna and an ___ ___. The rounded head of the ulnar head contacts both the ___ of the radius laterally and the ____ distally.

A

double pivot
articular disc
ulnar notch
TFCC

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4
Q

The ulnar styloid process is about __ inch(es) shorter than the radial styloid process, resulting in more __ deviation. (30 vs. 20)

A

1/2

ulnar

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5
Q

Colles’ fx aka ___ ___ fracture is a fx of the radius within __-__mm of the wrist joint with ___ angulation of the distal fragment.

A

Dinner Fork
20-35
posterior

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6
Q

Reversed Colles fx. (2 AKAs __ and __) is a fx of the radius within __-__mm of the wrist joint with __ angulation of the distal fragment.

A

Smith’s fx
Garden Spade deformity
20-35
anterior

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7
Q

Triangular fibrocartilage complex is in between the __ __ row and the distal ___ within the __ aspect of the wrist. Primary function is to improve joint congruency and to cushion against __ forces.

A

Medial Proximal
Ulna
medial
compressive

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8
Q

The TFCC transmits about __% of the axial load from the hand to the forearm.

A

20

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9
Q

__ is the most commony fractured bone of the wrist. __ __ helps to slide it out from under the radial styloid process for palpation.

A

Scaphoid (Navicular)

ulnar deviation

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10
Q

__ is the largest and most prominent of the MCP bases as well as largest of all carpal bones.

A

Capitate

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11
Q

__ is the 2nd most often fractured and most commonly subluxated wrist bone.

A

Lunate

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12
Q

What 3 things are covered by the extensor carpi radialis brevis tendon? Where does the tendon insert?

A

Lunate, Capitate, base of 3rd metacarpal

Inserts into base of 3rd metacarpal

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13
Q

The ___ joint lies between the two rows of carpals. The proximal row of carpals is __ laterally and __ medially.

A

Midcarpal
convex
concave

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14
Q

The proximal row of carpals presents with a __ surface to the distal row. The distal row of carpals presents with a __ surface to the proximal row.

A

Concave

Convex

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15
Q

What provides stability to the carpometacarpal joints?

A

Palmar and Dorsal carpometacarpal and intermetacarpal ligaments

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16
Q

The 2nd-5th metacarpals articulate with the

respective proximal phalanges in __ joints

A

Biaxial

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17
Q

The MCP joints allow __/__ and __/__deviation associated with a slight degree of __ rotation

A

flexion/extension
medial/lateral
axial

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18
Q

Functionally, the ___-shaped ___ joint is the most important joint of the thumb

A

sellar (saddle)

carpometacarpal

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19
Q

ROMs at the thumb

A

Flex/Ext
Abd/Add
Opposition

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20
Q

Bennett’s Fx is through the base of the __ metacarpal neck with __ and __ displacement of the shaft

A

first
dorsal
radial

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21
Q

Bar Room Fx is in the __ or __ metacarpal neck with __ displacement of the head

A

fourth
fifth
anterior

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22
Q

Boxer’s fx is the __ or __ metacarpal neck with __ displacement of the head

A

second
third
anterior

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23
Q

The PIP joint is a hinged joint capable of __ and __. The DIP is similar but is less stable and allows some ___.

A

flexion
extension
hyperextension

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24
Q

Heberden’s nodes are found on one or more fingers, except the ___. Distal joints are enlarged by 2 nodules, __ to __ mm in diameter, one on either side of the __ midline.

A

thumb
2-3
dorsal

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25
Q

Hebdeden’s nodes are painless, process is a localized __. Involvement of several joints is more common in __ in whom they appear at the __ age.

A

OA
women
menopausal

26
Q

Herberden’s nodes in women is usually ___ and a single joint is usually involved in __. Condition on men is usually the result of __

A

hereditary
men
trauma

27
Q

What is swan neck deformity?

A

PIP jt deforms into hyperextension and the DIP jt is flexed

28
Q

In Boutonniere deformity,The central slip of the ___ tendon is avulsed from the___ to the
base of the __ phalanx, the PIP is __ and the DIP is __.

A 
Extensor Digitorum Communis
insertion
middle
flexed
extended
29
Q

The extrinsic palmar ligaments provide the majority of the __ __.

A

wrist stability

30
Q

The intrinsic ligaments serve as __ __, binding the proximal row into a unit of rotational stability

A

rotational restraints

31
Q

Medial and Lateral collateral ligaments of the fingers are named __ and __ ligaments

A

Cleland’s

Grayson’s

32
Q

Radiocarpal is formed by the large articular __ surface of the distal end of the radius , the __ and __ of the proximal carpal row, and the __

A

concave
scaphoid
lunate
TFCC

33
Q

Antebrachial fascia is a __ ct bracelet that encases the forearm and maintains the relationships of the __ that cross the wrist

A

dense

tendons

34
Q

Extensor Retinaculum serves to prevent the tendons from “__ __” when the tendons turn the corner at the wrist. The tunnel-like structures formed by the retinaculum and the underlying bones are called __-__ compartments

A

bow-stringing

fibro-osseous

35
Q

Extensor retinaculum from lateral to medial, contains tendons of…

A
  • Abductor pollicis longus and extensor pollicis brevis
  • Ext. Carpi radialis longus and brevis
  • Extensor Pollicis longus
  • Extensor Digitorum and indicis
  • Extensor DIgiti Minimi
  • Extensor Carpi Ulnaris
36
Q

Flexor retinaculum transforms carpal arch to tunnel, through which pass the __ nerve and some tendons. Proximally, the retinaculum attaches to the tubercle of __ and __. Distally, it attaches to ___ and tubercle of __

A 
median
scaphoid
pisiform
hook of hamate
trapezium
37
Q

Jersey finger is an avulsion of the ___ tendon. MOI- finger gets caught in an object and actively flexed __ joint is suddenly and forcibly __ resulting in a __

A

flexor digitorum profundus
DIP
extended
rupture

38
Q

What makes the floor of the carpal tunnel?

A

Palmar radiocarpal ligament and palmar ligament complex

39
Q

What makes up the roof of the carpal tunnel?

A

Flexor retinaculum (transverse carpal ligament)

40
Q

What are the ulnar and radial borders of carpal tunnel?

A

Trapezium and hook of hamate

41
Q

Tunnel of Guyon is a depression __ to the flexor retinaculum, located between the __ and the __ bones

A

superficial
hook of hamate
pisiform

42
Q

Whats forms the roof of the Tunnel of guyon?

A

Palmar (volar) carpal ligament, palmaris brevis muscle, palmar apopneurosis

43
Q

What forms the floor of the tunnel of guyon?

A

Flexor retinaculum, pisohamate ligament, pisometacarpal ligament

44
Q

Tunnel of guyon serves as a passageway for the __ nerve and artery into the hand

A

ulnar

45
Q

Cyclist hand is __ nerve and artery compression injuries between __ and __. What other activities could elicit similar problems?

A

ulnar
hook of hamate
pisiform
-Crutch use and weight lifting

46
Q

Palmar apopneurosis is a dense fibrous structure continuous with ___ tendon and fascia covering the __ and __ muscles.

A

palmaris longus
thenar
hypothenar

47
Q

Dupuytern’s contracture is a fibrotic condition of the ___ that results in __ formation or __ of the apopneurosis, and which may ultimately cause finger __ contractures

A

palmar apaopneurosis
nodule
scarring
flexion

48
Q

In Dupuytren’s contracture, palpation of the palm reveals a __ __ over the __ tendon. Passive __ of the finger raises the cord taut where is can be readily seen

A

hard cord
flexor
extension

49
Q

Extensor hood is a complex tendon, which covers the __ aspect of the digits and is formed by a combination of the tendons of insertion from __(3)__

A

dorsal
Extensor difitorum
Extensor Indicis
Extensor Digiti Minimi

50
Q

Extensor hood creates a “__” system that provides a mechanism for extending the ___ and __ joints, and allows the __ and possibly __ muscles to assist is __ of the MCP joints.

A 
cable
MCP
IP
Lumbrical
Interosseous
flexion
51
Q

Mallet finger is when __ phalanx of finger is permanently flexed at the __ joint. Cannot be voluntarily extended.

A

terminal

distal

52
Q

Mallet finger is caused by rupture of the __ tendon that inserts on the __ phalanx. Possibly a fx of the __ phalanx

A

extensor
terminal
distal

53
Q

Synovial sheaths are long narrow balloons filled with synovial fluid, which wrap around a __ so that one part of the balloon wall (__ layer) is directly on the tendon, while the other part of the balloon wall (__layer) is separatet

A

tendon
visceral
parietal

54
Q

Annular and Cruciate pulleys restrain the __ tendons to the ___ and __ and contribute to fibro-osseous tunnels through which the tendons travel

A

flexor
MCP’s
Plalanges

55
Q

Where is surgical no man’s land?

A

Distal palmar crease to the pip joints

56
Q

The surgical no man’s land is where 2 __ tendons run into 1 __

A

flexor

sheath

57
Q

Trigger finger usually occurs in __ or __ finger. __ feels normal but __ is accompanied by a painful snap that may refer to the __ of the hand

A 
4th
5th
Flexion
Extension
Dorsum
58
Q

There are __ muscles that arise and insert into the hand

A

19

59
Q

There are __ extrinsic muscles that originate in the forearm and insert within the hand

A

24

60
Q

What makes up the floor of the anatomic snuff box?

A

Deep branch of radial artery and tendinous insertion of extensor carpi radialis longus
Scaphoid and trapezium are under these

61
Q

What is ulnar border of anatomic snuff box?

A

Extensor pollicis longus tendon

62
Q

What is radial border of anatomic snuff box?

A

Abductor pollicis longus

Orthopedic Diagnosis (17 decks)

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