Test 2 Wks 2-3 Flashcards
which suboccipital muscles attach to c1
rectus capitis posterior minor, obliquus capitis superior, obliquus capitis inferior
which suboccipital muscles attach to c2
rectus capitis posterior major and olbliquus capitis inferior
which transversospinalis muscles attach to the cervical spine
semispinaliscervicis, semispinalis capitis, multifidis and rotators
what joint classifications are present at c1
synnovial (diarthrosis) ellipsoidal, synovial pivot (diarthrosis tochoid), synovial plane (diarthrosis arthrodia) and fibrous (amphiarthrosis) syndesmosis
what joint classifications are preent at each typical cervical
synovial plane (diartrhosis arthrodia), modified synovial saddle (diarthrosis sellar), fibrous (amphiarthrosis)syndesmosisand cartilaginous (amphiarthrosis) symphysis
what joint classifactions are present at c7
synovial plane (diartrhosis arthrodia), modified synovial saddle (diarthrosis sellar), fibrous (amphiarthrosis)syndesmosisand cartilaginous (amphiarthrosis) symphysis
what forms the boundaries for the exit of the c1 nerve from the spinal canal?
occipital condyle, superior articular process of c1, and capsular ligament, arcuate rim groove for the vertebral artery, posterior Atlanta occipital ligament
what forms the posterior boundary for the c2 nerve exit from the spinal canal
the posterior arch of c1, lamina of c2 and posterior atlanto-axial ligament
what forms the anterior boundary for the c3-7 nerve exit from the spinal canal
the vertebral bodies, intervertebral disc, posterior longitudinal ligament, uncinate process, lateral groove
what are the superior articular facet orientations for the cervical vertebrae
cq is backward upward medial (BUM) C2 is backward upward lateral (BUL) C3-7 is backward, upward, medial (BUM)
what are the inferior articularfacet orientations for the cervical vertebrae
c1 is backward downward medial (BMD), c2-6 is forward downward lateral (FoLD) C7 is forward downward medial (ForMeD)
how many synovial joints are identified for each cervical vertebra
c1=five, c2=eight, c3-6=eight, c7=six
how many joints are identified at the vertebral body of each cervical vertebra
c1=none, c2=ten, c3-6=ten, c7=eight
what features will allow discrimination between T2-4 and T5-8 segmental groups
the vertebral body, transverse process, articular process and spinous process
what is the outline of the vertebral body of a typical thoracic from superior view
triangular
on cranial view what is the outline of the vertebral body for the t5-8 group
the left side of teh vertebral body will be flattened, the right side convex
what is the name given to the left side appearance of the vertebral body of T5-8
the aortic impression
what part of the vertebral body is most influenced by the aorta at T5-8
the lef side superior and inferior epiphyseal rims
what is the height pattern of the typical thoracic vertebral body
the posterior height is greater than the anterior heigh by one to two millimeters
what is the princpal cause of the posterior curve of the thoracic spine?
the vertebral body height differences
in terms of the anterior-posterior curves of the vertebral colum what direction will the thoracic spine face?
posterior
what is another way of naming a posterior curve pattern
a kyphotic curve
what joint classifications are identified at the vertebral body of a typical thoracic
fibrous (amphiarthrosis) syndesmosis, cartilaginous (amphiarthrosis) symphysis, and synovial plane (diarthrosis arthrodia)
how many synovial joints are formed at the vertebral body of a typical thoracic
four
how many symphysis joints are formed with the vertebral body of a typical thoracic
two
how many syndesmosis joints are formed at the vertebral body of a typical thoracic
typically four are identified (as many as eight if the costocentral stellate/radiate ligaments are included)
how many joints are formed at the vertebral body of a typical thoracic?
typically ten (fourteen if the costocentral stellate/radiate ligaments are included)
how many costocentral joints are formed at the vertebral body of a typical thoracic
four
which of the demi facets on the vertebral body of a typical thoracic is larger
the superior costal demifacet
what ligaments support the costocentral joint
the costocentral stellate/radiate ligaments and the costocentral interarticular or intra-articular ligament
the costocentral stellate/radiate ligament will attach to which segments at the t3 spial nerve intervertebral foramen?
the vertebral body of T3 and the vertebral body of T4
which muscle(s) is attached to the vertebral body of T2or T3
the longus colli
which xray view is used to see into the intervertebral foramen of a typical throacic
the lateral view
what is the overlap of lamina called in the typical thoracic region
shingling
what is the outline of the vertebral foramen of the typical thoracic region
oval to circular
in which plane will the size of the vertebral foramen of a typical thoracic be greatest
the transverse plane, the vertebral transverse diameter
what are the oseeous parts of the costotransverse joint
the transverse costal facet and the articular surface of the tubercle of a rib
what ligaments support the costotransver joint of a typical thoracic
the superior costotransverse, inferior costotransverse, and lateral costotransverse ligaments
which muscles may attach to the transverse process of a typical throacic?
the longissimus thoracis, cervicis and capitis; semispinalis thoracis, cervicis, and capitis; levator costarum lungus and brevis, multifidis, rotator longus, rotator brevis, intertransversarii
how can you distinguis between a t2-4 from t5-8 segment using the articular process
at T2-4 the width between the superior articular process is greater than the width between the inferior articular processes of that vertebra.
At T5-8 the width between the superior articular processes is equal to or the same as the width between the inferior articular processes of that vertebra
what is the orientation of the superior articular facet of a typical thoracic?
they face backward upward and lateral (BUL)
what is the orientation of the inferior articular facet of a typical thoracic
they face forward downward and medial (ForMeD)
how many synovial joints are present at a typical thoracic
ten
how many synovial joint surfaces for ribs are present on a typical thoracic
six (2sup costal demis 2 inf costal demis and two transverse costal facets)
what is the name given to the overlap of spinous processes in the thoracic region
imbrication
which thoracic has the longest spinous process
T8
imbrication will be more pronounced for what region of the thoracics
T5-T8
what is the angulation of the spinous process in the typical thoracic region
the undersurface of T2-4 spinous processes will angle up to forty degrees from the horizontal plane
The undersurface of T5-8 spinous processes will angle up to sixty degrees from the horizontal plane
which muscles may attach to the spinous process of a typical thoracic
the trapezius, latissimus dorsi, rhomboid major, serratus posterior superior, splenius cervicis, splenius capitis, spinalis thoracis, spinalis cervicis, spinalis capitis, semispinalis thoracis, multifidis, rotator longus, rotator brevis and interspinalis
What joint classifications are identified at the vertebral body of T1
fibrous (amphiarthrosis) syndesmosis, cartilaginous (amphiarthrosis) symphysis and synovial plane (diarthrosis arthrodia joint) the modified synovial saddle (diarthrosis sellar) is only observed as an anatomical variation
what ar ethe osseous parts of the costotransverse joint
the transverse costal facet and the articular surface of the tubercle of a rib
what ligaments support the costotransverse joint of T1
the inferior costotransverse and lateral costotransverse ligaments
what ligament is absent at the costotransverse joint of T1
the superior costotransverse ligament
the superior costotransverse ligament of the transverse process of T1 will attach to which rib
the second rib
what muscles attach to the transverse process of T1
longissimus thoracis, longissimus cervicis, longissimus capitis, semispinalis cervicis, semispinalis capitis, multifidis, levator costarum brevis, rotator longus, rotator brevis, intertransversarii
What is the orientation of the superior articular facet of T1
they face backwar upward and lateral (BUL)
what is the orientation of the inferior articular facet of T1
they face forward downward and medial (ForMeD)
how many synovial joints are present at T1
ten
what muscles attach to the spinous process of T1
trapezius, rhomboid minor, serratus posterior superior, spleius capitis, spinalis thoracis cervicis and capitis, semispinalis thoracis, multifidis, rotator longus, rotator brevis, interspinalis.
which muscles attach to the transverse process of T9
the longissimus thoracis, semispinalis thoracis, multifidis, rotator longus, rotator brevis, intertransversarii, levator costarum longus and levator costarum brevis
how many synovial joints are tpically present at T9
ten
identify the synovial joint suraces typically present on T9
two superior costal demi two inferior costal demi facets, two superior articular facets, two inferior articular facets and two transverse costal facets
how many synovial joint surfaces for ribs are present on T9
six
what is the generic appearance of the spinous process of T9
shorter and more horizontal
what muscles attach to the spinous process of T9
the trapezius, latissimus dorsi, multifidis, rotator longus, rotator brevis and interspinalis
whch muscles are conspicuously absent at the T9 spinous process
spinalis and semispinalis
How many synovial joints are formed at the vertbral body of T10
two
how many symphysis joints are formed with the vertebral body of T10
two
how many syndesmosis joints are formed at the vertebral body of T10
typically four are identified ( as many as eight if the costocentral stellate/radiate ligaments are included)
how many joints are typically formed between the vertebral body of t10
typically eight ( 12 if the costocentral stellate/radiate ligaments are included)
which synovial joint surface is absent from the vertebral body of T10
inferior costal demifacets
para articular processes are more commonly observed on which segment of the spine
T10
the superior costotransverse ligament of the T10 transverse process will attach to which rib
theeleventh rib
what muscles attach to the transverse process of T10
longissimus thoracis, semispinalis thoracis, multifidis, rotator longus and rotator brevis, intertransversarii, levator costarum longus and levator costarum brevis
identify the synovila joint surfaces typically present on T10
two superior costal facets two transverse costal facets two superior articular facets two inferior articular facets
which rib related facet si absent on T10
the inferior costal demifacet
a dimpling or depression of the skin in the thoracic region is often a characteristic of the location of which segment
T10
what muscles attach to the spinous process of T10
the trapezius, latissimus dorsi, multifiis, rotator longus, rotator brevis and interspinalis
which erector spinae muscles will not attach to the spinous process of T10
spinalis, longissimus and iliocostalis muscles
what joint classifications are present at T10
fibrous (amphiarthrosis) syndesmosis, cartilaginous (amphiarthrosis) symphysis and synovial plane (diarthrosis arthrodia)
whatname is given to T11
the anticlinal vertebra
what is the outline of the vertebral body of T11 on superior view
kidney shaped or reniform
how many joints are typcially formed at the vertebral body of T11
typically eight (twelve if the costocentral stellate/radiate ligaments are included)
which ligament of the costocentral joint is absent for the 11th rib
the costocentral interarticular or intra-articular ligament
which vertebra is the last segment to demonstrate a transverse costal facet
t10
what ligaments form the costotransverse joint of T11
teh superior costotransverse, and slightly developed inferior costotransverse ligaments
which costotransverse ligaments are absent at T11
capsular costotransverse ligament
what muscles attach to the transverse process of T11
longissimus thoracis, semispinalisthoracis, multifidis, rotator longus and rotator brevis intertransversaii and levator costarum brevis
which segment willbe the last to demonstrate an attachment for the levator costarum longus
T10
what is the orientation of the superior articular facets of T11
they face backward upward and lateral (BUL)
what is the orientation of the inferior articular facets of T11
they face forward downward and medial (ForMeD)
how many synovial joints are typically present at T11
six
what msucles attach to the psinous process of T11
trapeizus, latissimus dorsi, serratus posterior inferior, iliocostals lumborum, spinalis thoracis, multifidis, rotator longus, rotator brevis, and interspinalis
at which segments of the thoracic spine will the spinalis muscle not attach
T9, T10
which muscle of the five layers of the true back are present at the spinous process of T11
the trapezius, latissimus dorsi, serratus posterior inferior, iliocostalis lumborum, spinalis thoracis, multifidis, rotator longus, rotator brevis
which muscle attaching to T11 spinous process would be representative of layer four
ilicostalis lumborum spinalis thoracis (could use layer one through 5 on page 79)
what joint classifications are present at T11
fibrous (amphiarthrosis) syndesmosis, cartilaginous (amphiarthrosis) symphysis and synovial plane (diarthrosis arthrodia)
what is another way of naming a posterior curve patern
a kyphotic curve
what joint classifications are identified at the vertebral body of T12
fibrous (amphiarthrosis) syndesmosis, cartilaginous (amphiarthrosis) symphysis and synovial plane (diarthrosis arthrodia)
how many synovial joints are formed at the vertebral body of T12
two
how many symphysis joints are formed witht the vertebral body of T12
two
how many joints are typically formed at the vertebral body of T12
typically 8 (12 if the constocentral stellate/radiate ligaments are inclueded)
which muscles is attached to the vertebral body of T12
psoas major and psoas minor
what does the lateral tubercle of T12 represent
the transverse process
what does the superior tubercle of T12 represent
the mammillary process of lumbar vertebrae
what does the inferior tubercle of T12 represent
the accessory process of lumbar vertebrae
what ligaments form the costotransverse join of the twelfth rib
the superior costotransverse ligament from T11 and the lumbocostal ligament from L1
which costotransverse ligaments are attached at T12
none (the capsular, superior, inferior and lateral costotransverse ligaments lack an attachment to T12
what muscles attach to the transverse process region of T12
the longissimus thoracis, semispinalis thoracis, multifidis, rotator longus, rotator breves, and intertransversarii
which rib-associated muscle is absent at the transverse process region of T12
levator costarum
which segment is the last to demonstrate a levator costarum brevis attachment
T11
which segment is the last to demonstrate a levator costarum longus attachment
T10
what is the orientation of the superior articular facets of T12
they face backward upward and lateral (BUL)
what is the orientation of the inferior articular facets of T12
they face forward downward and lateral (FoLD)
how many synovial joints are typically present at T12
six
identify the synovial joint surfaces typically present on T12
two superior costal facets, two superior articular facets, two inferior articular facets
what muscles attach to the spinous process of T12
the trapezius, latissimus dorsi, serratus posterior inferior, iliocostalis lumborum, spinalis thoracis, multifidis, rotator longus, rotator brevis and interpsinalis
which erector spinae muscle is unique in its attachment to the T12 spinous process
iliocostalis lumborum
which muscle attaching to the T12 spinous process are prepresentative of layer three
serratus posterior inferior
What joint classifications are present at T12
fibrous (amphiarthrosis) syndesmosis, cartilaginous (amphiarthrosis) symphysis, and synovial (diarthrosis) arthrodia joint.
What forms the anterior boundary for the c2 nerve exit from the spinal canal
Inferior articular process of c1 superior articular process of c2 and capsular ligament
