Test 2: surgical drains Flashcards
Implants designed to facilitate removal of fluid or gases
out of the body
surgical drain
surgical drains are used for
eliminate dead space
evacuate excessive fluid or air
prevent accumulation of fluid or air
— is used for passive drains
latex
PVC
silicone
silastic
flat drains depend of — and —
gravity and capillary action
penrose drain
— will cause fluid to exits around the outside of the drain
flat drain- penrose
disadvantages of flat drain
Ascending bacterial infection, passive drainage only, gravity dependent, latex
tube drains can be used —
open and closed system
passive or active
have single or multiple lumens
advantages of tube drains
Easy to create closed system, measure volume of
fluid, decreased risk of ascending infection
disadvantages of tube drains
Firm tubes can be irritating and painful, prone to clogging when used passively
sump drains work by
double lumen
Smaller outer lumen = Ingress of air
Larger inner lumen = Egress of fluid
Sump Drains: Open suction
— are dependent on gravity and capillary action with drainage related to surface area
open drains: flat or tube drains
Advantages * Help obliterate dead space and facilitate removal of
fluid
Disadvantages * Ascending bacterial infection, passive drainage only,
gravity dependent
jackson-pratt
advantages of closed drain
Drain from within lumen, passive or active drainage, drain into closed collection system
disadvantages of passive drains
Gravity dependent so need to consider location, less efficient fluid evacuation
active drains are maintained under—
negative pressure
continuous or intermittent suction
advantages of active drain
Efficient fluid removal, decreases risk of ascending
bacterial infections, allows monitoring of fluid
volume, not gravity dependent (placed anywhere)
disadvantages of active drain
Can be difficult to maintain suction, tissues can clog
drain, high negative pressure (>80mmHg) can
damage tissues
—- drain is a tube with compressible bulb that applies negative pressure
jackson pratt drain
Fenestrated tube attached to a suction device
hemovac drain
wound vac also called
negative pressure wound therapy
applies negative pressure- continuously or intermittently
Thoracic drain tunneled under skin and then inserted
through an intercostal space at — aspect of rib
cranial
why cant your have open system drain in chest
needs negative pressure to inflate lungs
Heimlich Valve
Allows air to exit during expiration and collapsible rubber latex prevents air from entering during inspiration
abdominal drains are passive or active
can be both
be carful not to suction intestines accidentally
closed system
when to use open peritoneal drainage
Only in small animal
Severe septic peritonitis
Minimal risk of clot formation impeding drainage
when to remove drain
<2-4 ml/kg/day
remove as soon as possible
Abrupt decrease in fluid
and change in character of fluid
what are some complications of drains
Poor drain placement
Ascending infection
Foreign body reaction
Loss of function
Fluid accumulation
Clogging, loss of suction
Be very cautious back-flushing
Penetration of organ
Incisional dehiscence
Discomfort / pain
Inadvertent removal
