Test 2: reconstructive

Question 1

properties of skin that make it stretchy

Answer 1

high mobility
high viscoelasticity
rich blood supply

Question 2

mechanical creep

Answer 2

stretching of skin over time due to stress

Question 3

stress relaxation

Answer 3

loss of elasticity and recoil

Question 4

dog skin blood supply

Answer 4

run parallel to skin and give off branches to different plexus

superficial, middle, deep/subdermal

Question 5

where to cut skin for skin flap

Answer 5

below subdermal plexus
below the panniculus muscle (hypodermis)

Question 6

some wound factors to reconstructive surgery

Answer 6

size
location
wound status

Question 7

cats require — for healing

Answer 7

intact SQ fat

Question 8

Adherence to
* Strict — technique
* Gentle tissue handling
* Meticulous —
* Preservation of blood supply
* Obliteration of dead space
* Accurate apposition of tissue planes
* Minimization of — on tissues

Answer 8

Halstead’s Principles

aseptic
hemostasis
tension

Question 9

two local tension relieving techniques

Answer 9

undermining
tension relieving sutures

Question 10

two local skin stretching techniques

Answer 10

pretensioning and pre-suturing

relaxing incisions

Question 11

undermining

Answer 11

blunt or sharp dissection to release skin from underlying tissues attachments

Dissect deep to cutaneous trunci to avoid damage to deep dermal plexus

Avoid damaging direct cutaneous vessels

Question 12

Answer 12

undermining

Question 13

tension relieving sutures are SQ sutures that engage the —

Answer 13

subdermal/hypodermal layer

decreases tension and motion on skin edge

Question 14

which sutures for tension relieving sutures

Answer 14

Far-near-near-far
* Cruciate
* Simple interrupted

Question 15

Answer 15

stent or bolster suture

interrupted or vertical mattress sutures are placed perpendicular to suture line

Redistributes tension away from skin/incision and
onto the stent or bolster

removed in several days once mechanical creep and stress relaxation has occurred

Question 16

walking sutures are staggered rows of —

Answer 16

multiple interrupted sutures

pulls skin across defect

Question 17

pretensioning

Answer 17

promote mechanical creep and stress relaxation

Question 18

relaxing incisions

Answer 18

Multiple, small, staggered incisions made in a parallel incision edge

Skin under “meshed” area is
undermined to promote closure of incision

limb wounds

Question 19

Answer 19

relaxing incisions

Question 20

another name for relaxing incisions

Answer 20

mesh expansion

Question 21

bipedicle flap

Answer 21

simple relaxing incision

long incision made parallel to
long axis of wound

Width of flap should be equal to wound width

L:W should not exceed 4:1

Useful to allow suturing near an orifice, joint, or other vital structures

Question 22

Answer 22

simple relaxing incision (bipedicle flap)

Question 23

ratio of Length to width for simple relaxing incision

Answer 23

4:1

long cut parallel to wound, same width as wound

used to close joints

Question 24

Allows for relaxation and advancement of skin to and relaxation of tension

Answer 24

V-Y plasty

Question 25

— is used near eye to try to prevent distortment

Answer 25

V-Y plasty

Question 26

subdermal plexus flap Flap vascularity improves with —

Answer 26

increased base width

Question 27

advancement flap

Answer 27

Single Pedicle Advancement

Question 28

rotational flap can be — the size of the short edge of the defect

Answer 28

4x

Question 29

rotation flap Incision is started at — side of wound

Answer 29

“shortest”

no longer then 4x

Question 30

— is a Rectangular flap created 90 degrees from
long axis of the wound

Answer 30

transposition flap