bandages Flashcards
first aid of bandages
Reduce further trauma
- Prevent contamination
- Hemostasis
- TEMPORARY fracture stabilization
why leave toes out
cool
swollen
painful
what causes pressure points
bunching
not uniform pressure
3 types of fracture stabilization
heavy
splinted
multi layer- robert jones bandage
the primary layer of a bandage is for
Determined immediate wound environment
Most direct effect on healing
secondary layer does
early - absorption
later- support
Sequential layers of padding & conforming materials
- Provides absorption (blood, wound exudate)
- Secures 1° layer
- Provides support & pressure
3rd layer does
tune the stiffness
Outer layer = physical barrier
- Holds inner layers together
advantages of adherent dressing
Facilitate mechanical debridement
- Necrotic tissue, exudate, & debris adhere to dressings
Good in early stages or grossly contaminated
wounds
disadvantages of adherent dressing
Delay fibroplasia & epithelialization
▪ Painful to remove
▪ Strike through
- Bacterial translocation from outside bandage into wound
wet to dry
sterile gauze soaked in sterile saline or sterile H20 +/- dilute antiseptic, cover with 2° absorptive layer, then 3° layer that allows evaporation
▪ Helps absorb wound fluid into outer layers
▪ After evaporation becomes hypertonic → draws wound fluid into dressing
▪ Change when contact layer is dry (~24 hrs)
dry to dry
type of adherent dressing
sterile, wide-meshed dry gauze, cover with
secondary absorptive layer
▪ Wound fluid passes thru gauze → into absorptive layer ▪ Change once contact layer is dry
advantages of non adherent dressing
Advantages
▪ Gas exchange with limited moisture loss
▪ Moist environment promotes epithelialization
▪ Can rehydrate dried necrotic tissue
▪ Concentrate growth factors at the wound surface
▪ Less damage to epithelium at dressing changes
disadvantages of non-adherent dressing
Fluid accumulation can scald surrounding skin
▪ Hard to get to stick to haired areas
▪ Not good if grossly contaminated or infected
when to use stent bandages
Padding laced over wound via skin sutures
- Areas not conducive to encircling bandage
▪ Upper limbs ▪ Trunk ▪ Head and neck
- Decrease wound tension
splints should be positioned to counter ___
motion
where should you not place splint for horse
level 1 injury splint for horse
Fetlock down
▪ Phalanges
▪ Suspensory apparatus
▪ Proximal sesamoid bones
- Dorsal splint to carpus
▪ Align phalanges and MC/T III - Reduce bending forces
▪ Reduce torsion /twisting
▪ Kimzey Leg-Saver
level 2 injury splint for horse
From MC/T III, carpus, hock, olecranon
- Radial nerve paralysis
- Two splints
▪ Lateral and caudal
▪ Hoof to elbow
- Goals
▪ Maintain carpal extension
▪ Prevent soft tissue trauma
▪ Prevent contracture
level 3 injury splint in horse
Fractures of radius and tibia
▪ Flexors become abductors
- Medial soft tissue trauma
- Comminution
- Minimal medial soft tissue
or hip
- Goal: Prevent abduction
▪ Caudal splint – hoof to elbow
▪ Lateral splint – hoof to withers
level 4 injury in horse
Scapula, humerus, pelvis, femur
- Coaptation is contraindicated
▪ Cannot immobilize fracture ▪ Pendulum effect
___ rupture is a common complication in horses in casts
Peronius tertius
