Test 1. antispetic Flashcards
Destruction of all microorganisms on inanimate objects
sterilization
Destruction of most microorganisms on animate objects
antisepsis
Destruction of most microorganisms on inanimate objects
disinfection
(think the floor or tables)
operating room airflow should be
filtered ventilation
regular maintenance
positive pressure
15 air exchanges/ hour
an operating room should have positive or negative pressure?
positive, if door opens clean air flows out, prevents dirty air from coming in
how many air exchanges per hour
15
what are some disinfectants
Quaternary ammonium compounds
* Hydrogen peroxide
* Sodium hypochlorite (bleach)
* Chlorhexidine
disinfection= Destruction of most microorganisms on inanimate objects
what do you use to scrub
Chlorhexidine gluconate
disrupts cell wall
broad spectrum
good residual activity
why use chlorhex for preop scrub?
Chlorhexidine gluconate
disrupts cell wall
broad spectrum
good residual activity
mechanism for iodine scrub
cell wall penetration and oxidation
broad spectrum
minimal residual activity
iodine scrub is also called
povidone-iodine
avaguard
1% chlorhexidine
61% ethyl alcohol
(antiseptic rub)
sterillium
85% ethyl alcohol
(antiseptic rub)
true or false you should dry your hands with a towel after using antiseptic rubs
false
should airdry
why not clip patient the day before
increased infection rate
why rough scrub
remove dirts and oils
increase contact time - chlorhex or povisone-iodine
steps of prep for patient
clip
rough scrub
sterile scrub
example of prepackaged applicator
chloraprep
dura prep
draping a patient
four corner draping
final drap
+/- adhesive drape
creates a sterile field
sterilization kills
all microorganisms on inanimate object
how does steam sterilization work
autoclave
250-270 *F
do not stack
how does gas autoclave work?
takes a longer time than autoclave- up to 12 hours
temps 100-130
use for heat-sensitive items (plastics)
Ethylene oxide sterilization
what temp for gas sterilization
100-130
ethylene oxide
where normal autoclave gets to 250-270
hydrogen peroxide plasma sterilization gets to what temp?
122-131
autoclave 250-270
ethylene oxide 100-130
why use hydrogen peroxide plasma over ethylene oxide
hydrogen only takes 1 hour, safer but more expensive (122-131 F)
ethylene (100-130), takes up to 12 hours
what kind of sterilization used by manufacturers
ionizing radiation
low temp
used for suture and implants ect.
why use cold sterile
convenient
can use on heat sensitive items
short time 12-15 mins
