Test 2 review Flashcards
P wave has a notch is indicative of
left partial hypertrophy
p mitrale
associated with mitral valve disease
p wave is tall and peaked
right atrial hypertrophy
p pulmonale- associated with pulmonary disease
St elevation
II, III, AVF
inferior MI-RCA
st elevation
V1-V4
anterior
anterior septal
LAD
St elevation leads V5,V6, I, aVL
lateral
LCX (sometimes LAD)
st depression in V1,V2
posterior MI associated with RCA and RCA
fixed or transient ST segment elevations (fixed changes suggest acute MI)- what should you consider
LV aneurysm
Pericarditis
Prinzmetal angina
early repolarization
WPW
poor R wave progression is used to describe what?
R waves that decrease in size from V1-V4
who might you expect to see an R wave normal variation in
young women
what might you think is wrong when you see a R wave progression and it is NOT a young women
anteroseptal infarction.
right axis deviation is normal in
young & thin individuals
left axis deviation is normal
old & obese
right axis deviation is not normal when associated
COPD
Emphysema
PE
right ventricular hypertrophy
WPW
left axis deviation is not normal when associated
hyperkalemia
emphysema
left atrial hypertrophy
dextrocardia
pregnancy
ascites
tumor
deliriums
assess for illusions, disorientations, decreased attention
flight of ideations
frequent change of topics
acute and post traumatic stress disorder
reliving a very real frightening experience including flashbacks, depersonalization, denial, and avoidance of stimuli that induce memories
generalized anxiety disorder
lasts 6 months or longer
generalized depression disorder
requires several episodes of worry to occur on most days for at least a 6-month period of time. Patients find this worry impossible to control and usually associated with somatic symptoms, such as: complaints associated with sleep, muscle pain, bowel function, or mood, or problems at work or in relationships.
circumflex sa%?
40%sa
circumflex av%
10%av
RCA SA%
60%
RCA AV%
90%
RCA other areas innervated
bundle of his
posterior/inferior LBB
R PRIME- what does that look like
its two positive inflections on the EKG- RBBB
what does V1-V6 allow you to view
the front and left of the heart
what are unipolar leads-what are they also called
augmented limb leads
AVR,AVL,AVF
bipolar leads are
Bipolar—aka standard limb leads–have a positive and a negative electrode. Each lead records the difference in electrical potential between two selected electrodes Leads I, II and III
what are the currents of the bipolar limb leads
each have a positive and negative electrode.
Unipolar lead-have what type of charge
aka augmented limb leads—consists of a single positive electrode and reference point. The reference point (with zero electrical potential) lies in the center of the heart’s electrical field (left of the interventricular septum and below the AV junction).
ekg is demonistrating a poor r wave progression in a 57 year old what does this mean
anteroseptal defect
ekg is demonistrating a poor r wave progression in an 18 year old what does this mean
normal variation
herpes simplex
orolabial genital
expanding erosions with pain: an active vesicular border and scalloped periphery
herpes zoster
dermatomal distribution of thoracic, cranial , trigeminal, lumbar and sacral nerves
sequential pain, crops of erythematous papule and plaques followed by erosive blisters
basal cell carcinoma
perky white, dome shaped papule with ulcerative crusted, bleeding center
squamous cell carcinoma
red poorly defined base with raised necrotic crusted center
ticks
site marked by a round, crusted ulcer bites often unrecognized
scabies
severe night pruritus
wheal
hives, cholinergic urticaria angioedema dermatographism
raised irregular area of edema, solid transient variable size
macule less than 1cm
brown, freckle, junctional nevus lentigo melasma
blue: mongolian spot, ochronosis
red: drug eruption, viral exanthema, secondary syphillis
hypo pigmented: vitiligo, idiopathic guttate hypomelanosis
keloid
large raised scar that extends into adjacent normal skin
psoriasis
chronic well demarcated erythematous plagues with silver scale
cyst
digital mucous epidermal inclusion, pilar
bulla
greater than 1cm vesicle - pemphigus, herpes gestations, fixed drug eruption
vesicle
herpes simplex herpes zoster erythema multiform impetigo
tumor
metastatic carcinoma, sporotrichosis
nodule
wart, xanthoma, prurigo nodular neurofibromatosis
