Test 2 part 4

Question 1

lesion in arcuate fasiculus

Answer 1

conduction aphasia
cannot repeat speech

Question 2

Global aphasia

Answer 2

loose both broca’s area and wernicke’s area

it is possible to switch speech to the opposite side of the brain

Question 3

Only sense not routed through the thalamus?

Answer 3

Olfaction Smell
sent straight to piriform cortex

Question 4

Limbic lobe function

Answer 4

emotional control

Question 5

Limbin lobe contains

Answer 5

Hippocampus with fornix
parahippocampus
mammillary bodies (nuclei)
anterior thalamic nucleus
gyrus cinguli
amygdala

Question 6

Hippocampus function

Answer 6

emotional control
memory
transfer ST memory to LT memory
navigate from place to place

Question 7

Limbic system pathway

Answer 7

hippocampus > crus of fornix > body of fornix > columns of fornix > mammillary body > anterior thalamic nucleus > cingulate gyrus > association cortical area (color the thought)

Question 8

Color the thought

Answer 8

associations between emotions and sensory information
emotional response to pain,
maternal bonding
decision making
language expresion

Question 9

What are basal ganglia?

Question 10

Amygdala function

Answer 10

emotional fear
emotional memory PTSD
long term memory consolidation

Question 11

Insular lobe (island of riel) function

Answer 11

compassion and empathy
motor control
self-awareness
taste

anterior part bigger
posterior part is smaller

Question 12

Epidural space

Answer 12

viable space in the vertebral column

potential space in the cranium

still has middle meningeal artery and it’s arteries

Question 13

Tentorium cerebelli

Answer 13

part of duramater
covers posterior cranial fossa and cerebellum

Question 14

Falx cerebri

Answer 14

lies within the median longitudinal fissure
attaches rostrally to the crista galli

Question 15

flax cerebelli

Answer 15

between the 2 cerebellar hemispheres

Question 16

Anterior cranial circulation

Answer 16

from carotid system

Common carotid > internal carotid artery

Question 17

posterior cranial circulation

Answer 17

vertebral system

Question 18

Artery most commonly involved in strokes?

Answer 18

middle cerebral artery

Question 19

Wallenberg’s syndrome

Answer 19

stroke in PICA

Question 20

Causes dilated pupil?

Answer 20

Uncal herniation > compressed occulomotor nerve > pupil dilation

Question 21

Post cerebral artery supplies?

Answer 21

post cerebral cortex
medial/lateral occipital lobe
inferior surface of temporal lobe

Question 22

calcarnie branches supply blood to

Answer 22

primary visual cortex

Question 23

Middle cerebral artery supplies

Answer 23

lateral portion frontal, parietal, temporal lobes
basal ganglia
internal capsule
motor speech area
wernicke’s area

Question 24

Anterior cerebral artery supplies?

Answer 24

medial side of frontal and parietal lobes

Question 25

What passes through cavernous sinus?

Answer 25

CN III, IV, VI Opthalmic and maxillary dvisions of CN V Internal Carotid Artery

Question 26

pterygoid plexus of veins

Answer 26

receive venous drainage: opthalmic veins cavernous sinus both via emissary veins infection route

Question 27

CSF production

Answer 27

CSF - nutrition and mechanical support avg adult volume 150-200ml prouced in 2 lateral, 3rd, and 4th ventricles by choroid plexus usually produce 500-1200ml.24hours

Question 28

Choroid plexus

Answer 28

tuft of capillaries covered by ependymal cells

Question 29

how does CSF get to subarachnoid space?

Answer 29

dorosmedian aperature (foramen of magendie) lateral foramina obstruction of these channels can cause hydrocephaly

Question 30

CSF absorption

Answer 30

arachnoid villa (granulations) absorbed (mostly) into the superior sagittal sinus

Question 31

large calcified villi are?

Answer 31

pacchionian bodies. Can't absorb CSF as well. Older adults can get senile hydrocephalus

Question 32

Normal CSF presure

Answer 32

8-15mmHg lying down 16-24mmHg standing up

Question 33

Lateral olfactory fibers run to?

Answer 33

primary olfactory area in temporal lobe

Question 34

medial olfactory fibers run to?

Answer 34

paraolfactory area

Question 35

Function of CN III IV & VI

Answer 35

extra-ocular movements

Question 36

CN III

Answer 36

all eye muscles except sup oblilque m and lateral rectus m. pupil constriction and other autonomic function of the eye

Question 37

sup oblique m. innervation

Answer 37

CN IV trochlear m.

Question 38

lateral rectus innervation

Answer 38

CN VI abducens

Question 39

ciliary muscle of the eye function

Answer 39

distance accomodation

Question 40

Uncal herniation

Answer 40

causes compression of oculomotor nerve

Question 41

trochlear nerve

Answer 41

only cranial nerve emerging dorsally smallest cranial nerve only cranial nerve that is crossed (sup. medullary vein) sup oblique muscle (down and out)

Question 42

Close the jaw?

Answer 42

masseter & medial pterygoid & temporalis

Question 43

open the jaw

Answer 43

gravity lateral pterygoid and suprahyoids

Question 44

Where to medial and lateral pterygoid muscles reside?

Answer 44

Infratemporal fossa

Question 45

Which cranial nerves have parasympathetic activity?

Answer 45

III, VII, IX, X

Question 46

Pre-vertebral ganglia

Answer 46

celiac ganglia sup. mesenteric ganglion inf mesenteric ganglion aortico-renal ganglia (at aortico-renal junction)

Question 47

What bypass sympathetic chain?

Answer 47

prevertebral ganglia

Question 48

White rami communicantes

Answer 48

myelinated-preganglionics

Question 49

Gray rami communicantes

Answer 49

unmyelinated post gangliionics

Question 50

Where do white and gray rami meet?

Answer 50

sympathetic chain