Test 2 Part 1 Flashcards
What is bioenergetics?
Energy associated with biological systems
Release, storage, and use of this energy
How much of diet dry matter is used for energy?
75%
What is energy derived from?
Not a nutrient, so it comes from organic compounds in the diet
What is energy derived mean?
Complete or partial oxidation of organic compounds
Where are the organic compounds from derived energy absorbed?
GI tract
What is the form of energy?
Chemical form
Where is energy stored?
In covalent bonds
When can animals used the energy stored in bonds?
When they break the bonds
What does trapping energy require?
Systematic breaking of bonds and trapping electrons
Where does energy actually come from?
Electrons
What is the systematic breaking of bonds required for?
To produce energy
Where does chemical energy originally come from?
The sun
What is heat?
The most common form of energy in biochemical reactions
What does inefficient metabolism mean?
Body is not 100% efficient because not all ATP energy is used for work.
What happens when heat escapes(given off)?
It allows for optimum body temperature maintenance
What is a calorie?
Unit of heat measured
Amount of heat required to raise the temperature of 1 gram of water 1ºC from 14.5ºC to 15.5ºC at 1 atmospheric pressure
What is gross energy?
Caloric density
Total energy in a compound
How is gross energy measured?
With a bomb calorimeter
What is a bomb calorimeter? (3)
A pure O2 environment that ignites and blows up
Chemical energy is converted to heat
Heat produced is measured and that is the caloric density/gross energy
How many kcal/g is glucose?
3.75
How many kcal/g is CHO?
4
How many kcal/g is protein?
4
How many kcal/g is fat?
9
How many kcal/g is alcohol?
7