Test 2- Integumentary System Flashcards
What are the structures within the integumentary system?
Skin
Hair
Nails
Glands
What are the functions of the integumentary system?
Protection Sensation Temperature regulation Vitamin D production Excretion Immunity
List 3 layers of the skin and describe
Epidermis: superficial epithelial tissue
Dermis: connective tissue
Subcutaneous tissue: not part of the skin
- loose connective tissue that connects skin to underlying structure
Types of epidermal cells
Keratinocytes
Melanocytes
Langerhans cells
Merkels cells
Explain Keratinocytes
Most cells produce keratin for strength
Explain melanocytes
Contribute to the skins colour
Explain Langerhans cells
Part of the immune system
Define Merkels cells
Detect light, touch and superficial pressure
Define desquamate
Cells of deeper layers undergo mitosis; as they move towards the surface the old ones slough off
Define keratinization
As cells nice outward through the layers, they fill with keratin, die, and serve as a layer that resists abrasions
Explain epidermal strata
Stratum basale ( germinitivum) - deepest portion of epidermis & single layer
Stratum spinosum- limited cell division
Stratum granulosum- contains keratohyolin
Stratum lucidum- thin, clear zone found on palms and soles
Stratum corneum - most superficial and consists of cornified cells
Describe thick skin:
- has all 5 epithelial strata
- found in places subject to pressure ( palms, fingertips, soles)
Describe thin skin:
- more flexible than thick skin
- covers rest of body
- hair grows here
Skin colour is determined by what 3 things?
- pigment
- blood circulation
- thickness of stratum corneum
What does the dermis contain?
Papillary: superficial ( outer)
Reticular: deep ( inner)
