Ch 20 The heart Flashcards
1
Q
Functions of the heart
A
- Generating blood pressure
- Routing blood: separates pulmonary and systemic circulations
- Ensuring one- way blood flow: valves
- Regulating blood supply
2
Q
Shape of the heart :
A
Apex- blunt rounded point of cone
Base- flat part at opposite of end of cone
3
Q
Location of heart:
A
In thoracic part of mediastinum
4
Q
Anatomy of the heart:
A
Pericardium:
- fibrous pericardium: tough fibrous outer layer. Prevents over enlargement; acts as anchor
- Serous pericardium: thin, transparent, inner layer. Simple squamous epithelium
- parietal pericardium: lines the fibrous outer layer
- visceral pericardium: covers heart surface
- there are two continuous and have a pericardial cavity between them filled with pericardial fluid
5
Q
Outer layer of heart wall tissue
A
Epicardium: serous membrane; smooth outer surface
6
Q
Middle layer of heart wall tissue
A
Myocardium: middle layer composed of cardiac muscle cell and responsibility for heart contracting
7
Q
Inner layer of heart wall tissue
A
Endocardium : Smooth inner surface of heart chambers
8
Q
Pectinate muscles :
A
Muscular ridges in auricles and right atrial wall
9
Q
Trabeculae carnae
A
Muscular ridges and columns on inside walls of ventricles
10
Q
Coronary circulation
Right coronary artery:
A
- Exits aorta just superior to point where aorta exits heart; lies in coronary sulcus.
- Smaller than left
- right marginal artery to lateral wall of right ventricle
- posterior inter-ventricular artery lies in posterior inter-ventricular Sulcus, supplies posterior and inferior aspects of heart.
11
Q
Coronary circulation left coronary artery
A
- Exits aorta near right coronary
- anterior interventricular artery in anterior interventricular sulcus
- left marginal artery supplies lateral wall of left ventricle
- circumflex artery extends to posterior aspect
