test 2,Dental caries part 1 Flashcards
What are dental caries?
destructive process that may take place on any tooth surface in the oral cavity where dental plaque is allowed to develope over time
Dental caries
a word that denotes the carious process and the carious lesion ( no such word as dental carie)
what 3 things must caries have to happen?
teeth, plaque, and bacteria ( and some time)
whats the cure for caries?
full exodotia, removal of all teeth
where does the dental caries process occur?
in the biofilm on the surface of the tooth. This is where the bacteria live.
what are the 3 phases of biofilm development?
- attachment 2. colonization 3. biofilm development
the biofilm were concerned with is…
plaque, its always metabolically active and is a community of bacteria that work together
bacteria in plaque work together and can drop the pH below 5 within……
1-3 minutes
why is pH important?
repeated falls of pH causes tooth demineralization and the caries threshold is 5.5
how can you cause remineralization in regards to pH?
raise the pH back up. ( ie baking soda mouthwash)
can the metabolic activity of biofilm be prevented?
no, but disease progression can be controlled, arrested and the lesion can become inactive.
can the metabolic activity of biofilm be prevented?
no, but disease progression can be controlled, arrested and the lesion can become inactive.
when it boils down, what is the cause of dental caries?
plaque
whats a pellicle?
acellular proteinaceous film derived from saliva. It protecs from abrasion and attrition, acts a diffusion barrier and is bacteria free
after the pellicle is formed what happens?
within 0-4 hours bacteria colonize it by attaching fimbriae which invites other bacteria to join the party
a large portion of these pioneer bacteria are..
streptococci,
only 2% are mutans streptococci which are associated with the carious process.
after the streptococci invade the pellicle, what happens in the next 4-24 hours?
more bacteria attach and microcolonies form and form a extracellular slime layer which protects the bacteria.
so what does the extracellular slime layer do?
anchors and protects the bacteria so they can go to work.
what happens after this layer is produced?
the streptococcus dominated plaque changes to a plaque dominated by actinomyces
whats microbial succession?
a population shift in the bacteria ( plaque goes from gram + aerobes to gram - anaerobes ( periodontal disease)
whats microbial succession?
a population shift in the bacteria ( plaque goes from gram + aerobes to gram - anaerobes ( periodontal disease)
carious causing bacteria have what 3 qualities?
- acidogenic, convert sugar to acid
- produce extra and intracellular polysaccharide
- aciduric ( thrive in low pH)
whats the specific-plaque hypothesis?
only certain organisms cause plaque and an immunization of the bad strands would cure this.
whats the non-specific plaqeu hypothesis?
carious process includes overall activity of plaque. So if you brush your teeth you should be fine
ecological plaque hypothesis
says demineralization will resulf from a shift in the balance of resident microflora driven by a change in the environment. Frequent sugar intake encourages the growth of acidogenic and aciduric species thus predisposing site to caries
ecological plaque hypothesis
says demineralization will resulf from a shift in the balance of resident microflora driven by a change in the environment. Frequent sugar intake encourages the growth of acidogenic and aciduric species thus predisposing site to caries
