test 1 , Class 1 amalgam prep.

Question 1

Amalgam in dentistry means means….

Answer 1

means an alloy of mercury with another metal

Question 2

what is the process called that involves mixing the alloys?

Answer 2

trituration

Question 3

amalgam was used in europe as early as

Answer 3

the 1820’s,

Question 4

again….. what are some common advantages of amalgam?

Answer 4

strong, durable, easy to use, wears similar to tooth, reduces microleakage, cheap

Question 5

again…. what are common disadvantages of amalgam?

Answer 5

color, doesnt bond to tooth structure, contains mercury

Question 6

What does the ADA think about amalgam?

Answer 6

valuble, viable, and safe.

Question 7

What does the FDA think about amalgam?

Answer 7

” levels released by amalgam fillings are not high enough to cause harm”

Question 8

what are some principles of cavity design?

Answer 8

outline form ( internal and external), convenience form, retention form, resistance form

Question 9

Blacks principles of outline form

Answer 9

The design of the cavity preparation is determined first by the location of the caries lesion(s) in the tooth. The shape or outline of the cavity preparation, as it meets the external surface of the tooth.-is the EXTERNAL OUTLINE.

Question 10

Blacks principles of convenience form

Answer 10

The need to obtain access for the instruments as the operator is preparing the cavity, reaching all the caries, placing the restoration, and finishing of the restorative material,

Question 11

blacks principles of resistance form

Answer 11

the shape and placement of the preparation walls that best enable the remaining tooth structure and the restoration to withstand, without fracture, masticatory forces delivered principally in the long axis of the tooth.

Question 12

blacks principles of retentsion form

Answer 12

is the shape or form of the conventional preparation that prevents displacement or removal of the restoration by tipping or lifting forces for restorations.

Question 13

what are your objectives with treating a class I carie?

Answer 13

are to eliminate caries lesions,
to remove any enamel that has been undermined by the caries process, (removal of the enamel faults)
to preserve as much sound tooth structure as possible, and
to create a strong restoration that mimics the original sound tooth structure and allows little or no marginal leakage.

Question 14

developing the outline with a class 1 amalgam

Answer 14

Remove carious structures,
margins should be on sound tooth structure,
use 329 or 330 bur ,
pulpal floor needs to be .5mm into dentin ( we do 2mm at lecom),
internal and external outlines must be rounded and smooth flowing.

Question 15

Marginal ridges should be __ in molars and ___ thick in premolars

Answer 15

2mm.

1. 5mm

Question 16

Resistance form in class 1 amalgam.

Answer 16

The restoration must be of adequate thickness and have a marginal design that will allow it to bear the forces of mastication without fracture or deformation.

In addition, the remaining tooth structure must be left in such a state that it, too, will resist the forces of mastication.
Keep the occlusal width 1/3 of the cusp tip width.
Pulpal floor needs to be flat and perpendicular to long axis of tooth
All internal line angles are SLIGHTLY rounded.

Question 17

occlulsal amalgam restorations should have ____ mm of thickness occlusogingivally to restist fracture.

Answer 17

2.0 mm

Question 18

Remember, the pulpal surface needs to be__ apical to DEJ-Clinically

Answer 18

.5mm

Question 19

isthmus width should be____

Answer 19

1.5mm , use the U DET 1 condenser to measure this

Question 20

how should you test the isthmus distance?

Answer 20

put the U DET 1 inside and run it up and down. It should glide smoothly without catching.

Question 21

what does the concept “ strongest enamel margein” mean?

Answer 21

the remaining enamel rods are on sound dentin, Because enamel rods are usually perpendicular to the surface the strongest enamel margin results in a cavosurface of 90 degrees.

Question 22

whats a cavosurface?

Answer 22

where the cavity prep wall meets the tooth

Question 23

strong or supported enamel margin

Answer 23

supported by sound dentin

Question 24

unsupported enamel margin

Answer 24

composed of rods that dont run uninterupted from the surface to sound dentin. ( usually has cavosurface of less than 90 deg.)

Question 25

How can you remove unsupported enamel?

Answer 25

with a hatchet or spoon

Question 26

Retention form in class 1 amalgam

Answer 26

To provide retention form for the amalgam, opposing walls of Class 1 Occlusal Restorations should be parallel to each other or should converge occlusally.

Most important along the buccal and ligual walls

Walls at marginal ridge can be parallel-no need to undercut them.

Additionally, small dove tails into the contiguous fissures can add to retention form

Question 27

what are dove tails?

Answer 27

they have small extentions into the grooves to add more retention.

Question 28

convenience form for class 1 amalgam

Answer 28

1. the shape or form of the preparation that provides for adequate observation, accessibility, and ease of operation in preparing and restoring the tooth.
2. Occasionally, obtaining this form may necessitate the extension of distal, mesial, facial, or lingual walls to gain adequate access to the deeper portion of the preparation.
3. The arbitrary extension of facial margins on anterior teeth usually is contraindicated, however, for esthetic reasons
4. Extending proximal preparations beyond proximal contacts is another convenience form procedure.
   Although exceptions may be made to such an extension, preparing the proximal walls to obtain clearance with an adjacent proximal surface affords better access to finish the preparation walls and the restorative material and to place a matrix .