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MicroBio > Test 2 Chapter 8 Kahoot > Flashcards

Test 2 Chapter 8 Kahoot Flashcards

1
Q

Where does oxidative phosphorylation occur in prokaryotes?

A

Cytoplasmic Membrane

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2
Q

Cellular respiration results in the oxidation of _____ to _____ to ______

A

Glucose to Carbon Dioxide to water

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3
Q

Cyanide binds to cytochrome c oxidase. What effect would this have on the cell?

A

Electrons cannot flow through the ETC (electron transport chain) and ATP synthesis stops

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4
Q

During which of the following is the highest ATP yield generated?

A

Oxidative phosphorylation and chemiosmosis

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5
Q

How is a proton motive force generated.

A

The electron transport chain carries excited electrons through a series of proteins to generate a proton motive force

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6
Q

The transfer of H+ across a membrane. In cellular respiration it is used to power ATP synthase.

A

Chemiosmosis

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7
Q

In the nitrogen cycle bacteria participate in ______

A

Denitrification, ammonification, and nitrification.

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8
Q

Cyanobacteria are capable of what kind of fixation?

A

Cyanobacteria can do both carbon and nitrogen fixation.

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9
Q

What bacteria participates in the sulfur cycle?

A

Chemoautotrophic bacteria

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10
Q

Bacteria such as Bacillus convert nitrates into nitrogen gas allowing it to reenter the atmosphere. This is _____.

A

Denitrification

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11
Q

Carbon Dioxide is the source of atmospheric carbon. T/F

A

True

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12
Q

What is the first step of lipid catabolism?

A

Lipases hydrolyze triglycerides

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13
Q

During lipid catabolism fatty acids undergo Beta-Oxidation to create _______.

A

acetyl Co-a, NADH, and FADH2

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14
Q

Bacillus subtilis is a soil microbe that can digest the protein keratin. Which of the following must be produced?

A

Protease

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15
Q

Before an amino acid can be metabolized the amino group must be removed by the process of _____.

A

deamination

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16
Q

Candida albicans is lipase positive. This means it has the ability to metabolize _____.

A

Lipids

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17
Q

Lipases hydrolyze fatty acids to create a ______ and _________.

A

glycerol and three free fatty acids.

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18
Q

What resource can enter glycolysis?

A

Glycerol

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19
Q

What is the name of the process in which larger molecules are broken into smaller products to release energy.

A

Catabolism

20
Q

How do enzymes catalyze reactions?

A

By lowering activation energy.

21
Q

What are enzyme catalysts reactions incapable of doing?

A

Increasing/Decreasing the Delta-G

22
Q

When electrons are transferred from a donor to an acceptor in a detox reaction, what happens to the donor?

A

The donor becomes oxidized

23
Q

Extremes in ______ can disrupt an enzyme by causing it to denature.

A

pH

24
Q

A site on an enzyme other than the active site that can bind molecules and influence the shape of the active site is __.

A

The Allosteric Site

25
Q

Egg white is rich in the protein albumin, raw it is opaque and viscous but when cooked it is white and firm. Why?

A

The albumin was denatured. The heat caused the protein to unravel.

26
Q

Sucrose is a disaccharide that binds to sucrase causing glucose and fructose to be produced. What is the substrate?

A

Sucrose is the substrate

27
Q

Glycine is a neurotransmitter. Strychnine binds to the glycine receptor and alters its structure. This is an example of

A

Non-Competitive inhibition. The active site is modified by the Strychnine binding to the allosteric site.

28
Q

What resource in the energy cycle is like an Uber driver?

A

NADH shuttles molecules from reaction to reaction.

29
Q

A species of bacteria uses inorganic compounds as their source of energy and their carbon source. These are _____.

A

Chemoautotrophs

30
Q

When a NADP+ reacts to form NADPH it has been ______.

A

reduced

31
Q

What is the function of photosystems within cells?

A

To absorb light and convert it to ATP and NADPH

32
Q

Photosystems are involved in both light-dependent reactions and light-independent reactions. T/F

A

False

33
Q

In noncyclic photophosphorylation organisms must constantly replenish ___ to the reaction center of photosystem II.

A

Electrons

34
Q

Which of the following is the first step in the Calvin Cycle?

A

Carbon Fixation

35
Q

Why must ribulose bisphosphate (RuBP) be regenerated during the Calvin-Benson cycle?

A

It is needed to “catch” the incoming CO2 so carbon fixation can continue

36
Q

The inputs for the Calvin-Benson cycle are _____, _____, and _____.

A

CO2, NADPH, and ATP

37
Q

Where do the H+ used in the generation of ATP in the light -dependent reactions come from?

A

They are produced when water is split in photosystem II

38
Q

Photosynthesis is always oxygenic. T/F

A

False

39
Q

The direct transfer of phosphate between substrates is called _____.

A

Substrate level phosphorylation

40
Q

How many molecules of pyruvate are produced by glycolysis?

A

Two

41
Q

How many net molecules of ATP are produced by glycolysis?

A

Two

42
Q

How many molecules of FADH2 are per initial glucose by the Krebs cycle?

A

Two

43
Q

How many molecules of NADH are generated per turn of the Krebs cycle?

A

Three

44
Q

Which of the following is/are produced by the Krebs cycle?

A

NADH, GTP/ATP, and FADH2 are all produced.

45
Q

During glycolysis electrons and hydrogens are harvested from glucose. The absence of _____ would slow glycolysis down.

A

NAD+ because it needs to pick up the hydrogen.

46
Q

The transition reaction is often called “oxidation of pyruvate.” Why is this an appropriate name?

A

As pyruvate is converted to electrons and transferred to NAD+

47
Q

Glycolysis occurs in the _____.

A

Cytoplasm

MicroBio (13 decks)

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