Test 1 review flashcards
What are characteristics of anxious-ambivalent attachment ?
desire to merge with others and individual concern of other’s reluctance to get close to them
what are characteristics of avoidant attachment
not trusting or depending on others; hence being. less likely to seek support from others during times of stress.
Also, Avoidant attachment is associated with little separation anxiety and a tendency to resist contact with the parent
What is disorganized attachment style ?
mixed separation anxiety and a tendency for the infant to resist and have a dazed behavior
What are behavior for anxious-ambivalent attachment in infants?
strong separation anxiety and a tendency for the infant to resist contact with the parent after separation
Describe the behavior of infants for secure attachment
some separation anxiety and a tendency for the infant to seek contact with the parent after separation
What are schemas?
Schemas are knowledge structures that determine one’s expectations in different contexts, including social interactions.
What are Heuristics ?
heuristics: cognitive rules of thumb that offer shortcuts to reasoning and problem solving.
What is the function of parietal lobe?
The primary function of the parietal lobe is the integration of sensory information.
what is function of hippocampus?
memory encoding
what is function of prefrontal cortex
The prefrontal cortex is involved in executive functioning and decision making
what is function of amygdala ?
amygdala: emotional encoding
For psychodynamic theory, distinguish between id, ego and superego
id: the unconscious, impulsive part of our personality driven by instincts and desires; uses pleasure principle
ego: conscious part of your personality that mediates between the id and the superego and makes decisions (rationalization)
superego: judgmental and morally correct part of your personality; incorporates internalized societal values and standards
what is projection ?
Projection occurs when someone attributes unacceptable thoughts or behaviors within themself to another person
what is reaction formation ?
Reaction formation involves minimizing uncomfortable thoughts or emotions by overemphasizing their opposite.
(ex: patient insists upon his admiration and love for his partner, even while struggling with feelings of envy and inferiority.)
what is rationalization ?
involves creating a seemingly logical explanation for otherwise unacceptable behavior
What is emotional displacement?
shifting the focus of emotion from a less to more acceptable target
what is positive punisher ?
A positive punisher decreases the frequency of the preceding behavior by introducing an aversive stimulus.
What is a negative punisher ?
negative punisher decreases the frequency of the preceding behavior by removing an appetitive stimulus.
What are the characteristics of a bureaucracy ?
According to Weber’s conceptualization of ideal bureaucracy, a formal organization requires specialization in a limited number of tasks, Employment based on technical qualifications;
Decisions are based on an organizational hierarchy. Evaluation of performance and skills based on standardized rules and procedures.
What is standard deviation ?
Standard deviation is a measure of variance
SD can be indicative of consistency of the scores in a data set.
What is Weber’s law ?
Weber’s law states that the minimum change in intensity necessary for the subject to sense that the stimulus has changed is a ratio of the original stimulus intensity.
ex: As more sugar is added, subtle changes in the sweetness of wine can be detected by both experts and novices
What is Absolute Threshold ?
Absolute threshold refers to the smallest amount of physical stimulation required to detect a sensory input half the time it is present.
What is the function of acetylcholinesterase ?
acetylcholinesterase is an enzyme that breaks down acetylcholine.
In breaking down acetylcholine, acetylcholinesterase decreases activity of acetylcholine within the synapse.
what happens if acetylcholinesterase is inhibited?
Consequently, by inhibiting acetylcholinesterase, it will slow acetylcholine degradation. This will maintain acetylcholine activity within the synaptic cleft for a longer duration.
What is vertical mobility ?
Vertical mobility indicates a change in someone’s socioeconomic status.
What is horizontal mobility ?
Horizontal mobility would represent an individual’s change of role within the same social class.
