Test 1 Ch 1-3 Flashcards
What controls Density?
mAs
# of X-rays
The amount of blackness on the image
25-30% to see difference
What controls Contrast ?
KvP
Can be described at long or short scale !!
KvP controls penetrating power
15% increase to see change
Low contrast (long scale) for chest
What is a grid used for ?
To absorb scatter
Wedge filter is used for what ?
To even out thickness/anatomy densities
What is a trough filter used for ?
Used for chest imaging
What is a boomerang filter used for?
Placed behind patient for shoulder or upper thoracic spine radiographs
What is the anode heel effect ?
Greater attenuation or absorption in thicker portion of the body part.
Cathode for thicker body part, anode on less thickness portion
What is penumbra
Unshared edges of objects
X-rays originate from ?
Or the source of X-rays come from ?
Th focal spot
Effective/equivalent dose measures in what unit ?
Sievert
Exposure unit is measured in what unit ?
R) roentgen or C/kg
Absorbed dose is measured in what unit ?
Gy or Rad
The annual dose limit for occupational workers?
50 mSv (5000mrem)
Annual dose for general public
1 mSv (100mrem)
What’s the purpose of filtration ?
To absorb low energy X-rays
Copper or aluminum is used
How much lead thickness is need for shielding
1 mm lead
Trendelenburg position
Head below the feet
Which of the 2 pixel sizes is most critical in maintaining high resolution ?
Display matrix
Amphisrthrodial
Syntharthrodial
Diaryhrodial
Slightly movemable
Immovable
Freely moveable
Some times called the romance of the abdomen?
Pancreas
The pear shape sac
Gallbladder
Presence of gallstones in the gallbladder
Cholelithiasis
General abdominal haziness on a radiograph could be what ?
Is also fluid build up in abdominal cavity
Ascites
Distended air filled loops of the small bowel
Ileus
A chronic disease involving inflammation or the large intestine
Ulcerative colitis
Actelescoping disease of a section of the vowel into another loop
Intussception
Coiled spring appearance
Structure that connects the small intestine to the posterior abdominal wall?
Mesentery
Stores and releases bile
Gallbladder
The double walled membrane lining of the abdominal cavity
Peritoneum
Which position would be best for a patient with a history of Ascites ?
Supine KUB
Which position demonstrates possible aneurysms and calcifications of the aorta ?
Dorsal decubitus
3 projections for the acute abdominal series
AP supine
AP erect OR lateral decubitus
PA chest
The twisting of a loop intestine that causes an obstruction
Volvulus
The potential space between the double walled membrane
The pleural cavity
MechanicL obstruction or foreign objects swallowed
Aspiration (common in kids)
Bronchiectasis
An irreversible dilation or widening of bronchi from repeated pulmonary infection
Difficulty emptying the airway in the lungs
Irreversible and chronic lung disease which air spaces in alveoli become very enlarged
COPD
Emphysema
