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Vet Sci IV -Jessie Loberg > Test #1 > Flashcards

Test #1 Flashcards

1
Q

Over the needle IVC

A

most common

short term- 24-36hours

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2
Q

Butterfly IVC

A

needle connected to extension tubing

short term- supervised use only

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3
Q

Through the needle IVC

A

jugular cath

long term- 4-5 days

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4
Q

24 ga IVC

A

less than 5 lbs

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5
Q

22 ga IVC

A

5-20 lbs

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6
Q

20 ga IVC

A

20-70 lbs

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7
Q

18 ga IVC

A

greater than 70 lbs

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8
Q

Jugular Catheter Brand Names

A

Intrafusor
Venocath
Intracath

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9
Q

Signs of phlebitis

A 
inflammation of the vein:
heat
redness
pain
inability to flush cath
thick ropey vein proximal to cath
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10
Q

Heparinized Saline flush ratio & how often to flush

A

5000 IU heparin to 1L saline

flush every 4-6 hours

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11
Q

Diagnostic reasons to place urinary cath

A

Bacterial culture
Routine US
Measure urinary output

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12
Q

Therapeutic reasons to place urinary cath

A

Obstruction

Post-Sx repair of bladder/urethra

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13
Q

5-8 fr urinary cath

A

Small dog

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14
Q

8-12 fr urinary cath

A

Medium dog

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15
Q

10-12 fr or > urinary cath

A

Large dog

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16
Q

3.5-5 fr red rubber cath

A

Cats

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17
Q

Stainless steel urinary cath

A

“bitch cath”
short term
female only
dogs

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18
Q

Foley urinary cath

A

long term
flexible
male or female
dogs

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19
Q

2 ports on Foley cath

A

White tipped port- inflates cuff

Other port- administration

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20
Q

Polypropylene cath

A

Short term
Semi-rigid
male or female
dogs/cats

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21
Q

Tom Cat Cath

A

Polypropylene material

male cats

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22
Q

Red Rubber cath

A 
Long term
Flexible 
male/female
dogs/cats 
many uses
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23
Q

3 places of resistance in male dog when placing urinary cath

A

Os Penis
Ischial Arch
Level of the prostate

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24
Q

2 methods of urinary cath placement in bitches

A

digital palpation

visual

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25
Q

placement of urinary cath in male cat

A

must tranquilize first

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26
Q

Urohydroproulsion

A

the dislodging of the urethra by mixing 1:1 ratio of sterile saline in aqueous lubricant in syringe and gently pulsing the obstruction

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27
Q

Urinary cath management

A

measure urine output every 2-4 hours
perform UA daily to every other day
perform serum chemistry
palpate bladder 4-6 hours

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28
Q

When placing an IVC where should you start?

A

distal vein

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29
Q

Once IVC is placed how can you tell you are in the vessel

A

gently pulse the flush syringe and palpate the vein- should feel the vein pulse

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30
Q

After removing the IVC what should be placed and how long?

A

pressure bandage

remove within 1 hour

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31
Q

What should you look for when removing the IVC?

A

make sure the whole cath was removed and no pieces were left in the pt

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32
Q

What five things do you look at once the urinary cath has been placed

A 
Secure connections
Swelling
Urinary output
Full collection bag
UA for bacteria
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33
Q

How often should the urinary cath be replaced?

A

48 hours

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34
Q

What type of urinary cath is used in females?

A

Foley

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35
Q

What instrument can be used as a speculum while placing a Foley

A

Otoscope

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36
Q

What should be visualized before inserting Foley

A

The urethral papilla

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37
Q

What should be done with the cuff when removing the Foley?

A

Deflate

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38
Q

Why do we place bandages?

A 
Protection
Support
Immobilization
Control Hemorrhage
Prevent weight bearing 
Debridement 
Discourage licking/grooming
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39
Q

How to wrap a bandage & why

A

Distal to proximal to prevent edema

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40
Q

Bandage instructions to send home with owner

A

Change immediately if wet or soiled
Date of application/change/removal
Asses toes twice daily for swelling, sweating, and pain

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41
Q

Primary bandage layer

A

Contact with skin or wound

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42
Q

Primary bandage types

A

Adherent- debridement, wet to dry

Non-Adherent- Holds ointment & allows for drainage

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43
Q

Primary Non-Adherent Brand Name

A

Telfa

44
Q

Secondary Bandage layer

A

absorbs drainage and provides support

45
Q

Components of secondary bandage layer

A

Cast padding or Rolled cotton

Kling gauze - holds in place

46
Q

Tertiary Bandage layer

A

outer covering
holds in place
offers protection
(Vet Wrap, Zonas Tape, Elasticon)

47
Q

Robert Jones Bandage

A

Most common splint

Provides support, immobilizes fracture, post op swelling

48
Q

Robert Jones application

A 
Tape stirrups 
\+/- Telfa 
Rolled Cotton
Kling Gauze
Elasticon
Zonas Tape
49
Q

Modified Robert Jones Bandage

A

Only difference is cast padding instead of rolled cotton

50
Q

Head bandage use & materials

A

Prevents re-formation of aural hematoma
Gauze
Stockinette
Elastic Tape

51
Q

Velpeau Sling uses

A

prevents weight bearing on forelimb

immobilizes shoulder luxation or scapular fracture

52
Q

Ehmer Sling uses

A

Prevents weight bearing on hind limb

after coxofemoral luxation

53
Q

Canine dental formula

A

2(I3/3 C1/1 P4/4 M2/3) =42

54
Q

Feline dental formula

A

2(I3/3 C1/1 P3/2 M1/1) =30

55
Q

Modified Triadan Numbering system

A

Upper Right 100’s
Upper Left 200’s
Lower Left 300’s
Lower Right 400’s

56
Q

Rule of 4 & 9

A

Each tooth that ends in a 4 is a canine

Each tooth that ends in a 9 is the first molar

57
Q

gingival score of I

A

Mild gingivitis
erythema (inflammation)
swelling

58
Q

gingival score of II

A

Moderate gingivitis
erythema
edema
bleeding after probing

59
Q

gingival score of III

A

Severe gingivitis
erythema
edema
copious bleeding without manipulation

60
Q

Normal measurements of gingival sulcus

A

Dog- 1-3mm

Cat- 0-1mm

61
Q

Crown status of C/S

A

calculus- slight

62
Q

Crown status of C/M

A

calculus- moderate

63
Q

Crown status of C/H

A

calculus- heavy

64
Q

Furcation

A

only on multiple rooted teeth

hole between root and crown

65
Q

Furcation F1

A

entrance can be probed

66
Q

Furcation F2

A

probe can pass through

67
Q

Furcation F3

A

probe can pass all the way through and exit opposite side

68
Q

Gingival recession

A

periodontal probe measures recession from the Cementum Enamel Junction (CEJ)

69
Q

Tooth mobility scale M1

A

slight mobility

70
Q

Tooth mobility scale M2

A

increased mobility (0.3-1mm)

71
Q

Tooth mobility scale M3

A

> 1mm mobility and loss of 2/3 of periodontal attachment

72
Q

Tooth mobility scale M4

A

Vertical mobility
grey tooth
loss of function

73
Q

Epulis

A

benin growth of the gingiva

74
Q

FORL

A

Feline Oral Resorptive Lesion

neck lesion that can access the pulp chamber

75
Q

Rotated Teeth

A

Teeth rotate on axis

Most common in brachycephalic breeds

76
Q

Extracted vs. Missing teeth

A

take dental film to see if root is still present

77
Q

Retained roots

A

can cause pain, inflammation and abscess

78
Q

Supernumerary Teeth

A

retained deciduous teeth or adult buds

79
Q

Fractured Teeth

A

Slab fracture

80
Q

Malignant Melanoma

A

Black non pigmented in color
anywhere in the oral cavity
locally invasive and highly metatastic
(can make its way to lungs, bones, etc.)

81
Q

Squamous Cell Carcinoma

A 
Grey pink in color 
Nodular 
Raised
Irregular in shape
Locally invasive to jaw bone
Common in white cats 
Poor prognosis :(
82
Q

Fibrosarcoma

A 
Color of surrounding tissue
Raised
Irregular shaped
Fleshy mass 
Friable (breaks & bleeds) 
anywhere in oral cavity 
commonly originates from mandible & maxillary
locally invasive does not usually metastasize
83
Q

Oronasal fistula

A

Passageway between cavities
result from advanced periodontal disease
smells like rotting tissue
located on the maxillary at the k9s

84
Q

Stomatitis & 3 causes

A 
inflammation of the oral cavity 
1. foreign body
2. chemical/toxin
3. thermal electrical burn 
can also be idiopathic
85
Q

Normal occlusion

A

“scissor bite”

maxillary incisors are slightly anterior to the mandibular incisors

86
Q

Rostral Crossbite

A

when one or more mandibular incisors is labile to the opposing maxillary incisor

87
Q

Caudal Crossbite

A

One or more of the mandibular premolar/molar is buccal to the opposing maxillary teeth

88
Q

Base Narrow

A

Lingually displaced canines

89
Q

Wry bite

A

Incisors are not aligning at midline/ offset jaw

90
Q

Brachygnathism

A

Overbite

91
Q

Prognathism

A

Underbite

Most common in brachy breeds

92
Q

Dental prophylaxis goals

A

prevention of dental dz

  1. reduce periodontal dz & tooth loss
  2. improve overall health
93
Q

Protecting patient during dental prophy

A

cuffed ET tube- prevent aspiration
4x4 gauze sponge placed by trachea to prevent water & bacteria
Place pt. head in draining position
Lubricate eyes to keep cornea moist & prevent bacteria

94
Q

Protecting the tech during prophy

A

Gloves
Eye wear
Mask
Oral lavage on pt. to decrease aerosolized bacteria

95
Q

Alway record: dental exam

A 
# and type of tooth
tooth position
condition
inflammation
perio dz.
96
Q

Plaque

A

Cant see it, accumulates prior to calculus formation

97
Q

Calculus/Tartar

A

Visible on crown on tooth

98
Q

Dental instruments- removal of plaque and tartar

A

Calculus forceps
Dental hoe
Dental scaler

99
Q

Scaling

A

most effective using ultrasonic
high frequency
10-15 sec. on each tooth

100
Q

Subgingival Currettage & instruments

A

Removing plaque and calculus from the root of the tooth
Curette
Ultrasonic scaler

101
Q

How to check for plaque

A

Dry tooth, if there is plaque it will be white and chalky

102
Q

Polishing

A

Removes scratches created by scaling - bacteria can adhere to tooth faster if not polished

103
Q

Polishing instruments

A

Abrasive Grit Paste- pressure applied should flare the edges of cup
2-5 seconds per tooth (no water)
polish all surfaces

104
Q

Dental Home Care

A

Prevention > Treatment
Provide owners with tooth brushes/paste and dental chews
inform owners of advantages of good oral care = healthy pt.

105
Q

Preferred recumbency for female urinary cath. placement

A

Standing

Ventral, legs over table

106
Q

Eruption time for teeth

A

Incisors & Canines= 3-4 months

Premolars & Molars= 4-5 months

Vet Sci IV -Jessie Loberg (11 decks)

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