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HIST 1020 > Terms and People (Exam #2) > Flashcards

Terms and People (Exam #2) Flashcards

1
Q

German Workers’ Party

A

(1918) Initial name of political party that Hitler started

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2
Q

National Socialist German Workers’ Party

A

AKA Nazi Party

Changed name of the German Workers’ Party

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3
Q

president vs. chancellor

A

chancellor - advisor to president, head of Parliament who can appoint members of the cabinet

Hitler had access to Minister of the Interior (police and security)

president - only important power is article 48 (presidential emergency powers): 1.) can decide national emergency, dissolve Parliament, pass laws alone 2.) suspend civic rights 3.) arrest/jail any “enemies” to the state

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4
Q

Volksgemeinschaft

A

“community of the people” idealized by Hitler

2 traits: loyalty/obedience to the Nazi party and Aryan

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5
Q

Gleichschaltung

A

“To make all the same”: idea in Nazi cultural policy

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6
Q

Jewish population statistics during the Holocaust

A

90% of Jews killed in Germany, Austria, and Poland

89% in Czechoslovakia

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7
Q

pogrom

A

Organized attack on a specific ethnic/religious group

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8
Q

Einsatzgruppen

A

Special Nazi task forces that moved Jews into ghettos

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9
Q

Differences between the US and the Soviet Union

A

Democracy and free enterprise

Authoritarianism and command economy

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10
Q

Percentages of territories that the Soviet Union received during the Moscow (3rd) meeting

A 
90% Romania
10% Greece
50% Yugoslavia
50% Hungary
75% Bulgaria
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11
Q

Adolf Hitler (1889 - 1945)

A

Born in Linz, Austria. Moved to Vienna for art school and learned 2 other things

Beer Hall Putsch (1923), jail and Mein Kampf (1925), enter parliamentary rule, chancellor (1933), führer (1934)

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12
Q

Sigmund Freud

A

Father of psychoanalysis

Gave Hitler idea of manipulation through emotion

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13
Q

Karl Leuger

A

Taught Hitler how to win votes with anti-semitism

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14
Q

Paul von Hindenburg (1847 - 1934)

A

(Feb. 28, 1933) President tricked by Hitler to call a national emergency, which gave the Nazi Party more power because of the Reichstag Fire Decree

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15
Q

Bishop Clemens von Galen

A

(~1940) Discovered Action T4

Sermon about violence, how the Nazi Party was the greatest attack on Germany, and the fate of the disabled

Called Action T4 “massacre of the innocents”

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16
Q

Reinhard Heydrich

A

2nd most powerful Nazi and “man with the iron heart”

Sept. 21, 1939: ordered Jews into ghettos

Suggested killing Jews to save resources, then gas chambers for efficiency

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17
Q

Winston Churchill

A

Prime minister of Britain (1940 - 1945)

(1946) Iron Curtain speech falsely blamed Stalin alone for cold war tensions

18
Q

Joseph Stalin

A

Head of Soviet Union, ended reign 1953

19
Q

Franklin Delano Roosevelt

A

US president (1933 - Apr. 1945)

Attends first two meetings, but gets sick and Averell Harriman represents him at the third

Called Percentages Agreement a naughty doc

20
Q

Averell Harriman

A

Represented Roosevelt during the Moscow meeting

21
Q

Harry S Truman

A

US president (Apr. 1945)

Attended the fifth meeting in Potsdam

22
Q

Josef Goebbels

A

Led Reich Ministry of Propaganda and Popular Enlightenment

Goal: Gleichschaltung

23
Q

Baldur von Schirach

A

Led the Hitler Youth

24
Q

Robert Ley

A

Led the “Strength through Joy” program that bribed people with a cruiseline and vacation resort in Prora at the Baltic Sea

25
Q

Hans Frank

A

Led Generalgouvernment in Poland when WWII started

Forced Jews into ghettos

26
Q

George F. Kennan

A

Involved in early development of policy of containment

Observed Stalin/Soviet Union, concluded that they will only respond to military force

Made the Long Telegram (1946)

27
Q

Syngman Rhee

A

(1875-1965) Pro-US Korean nationalist who was brutal to Koreans who supported Soviet Union

28
Q

Kim Il Sung

A

(1912-1994) Pro-Soviet Korean who support Leninist ideas

Wanted North Korea to control both halves, invaded South Korea leading to Korean War (1950)

29
Q

Kim Jong-Un

A

(2011-present) Grandson of Kim Il Sung

30
Q

Ho Chi Minh

A

Name: “bringer of light”

Vietnamese nationalist who tried meeting Wilson in Paris (1919), exposed to Leninist ideas there

Studied revolutionary theory and military rule in Soviet Union, returns to Vietnam (1941)

Organized Viet Minh movement

Controlled northern Vietnam after French left

31
Q

Ngo Dinh Diem

A

Controlled southern Vietnam after French left

32
Q

Non-aligned states are

A

Egypt, Yugoslavia, India

33
Q

Korean nationalists were inspired by these ideas

A

Lenin’s idea of a revolutionary vanguard, from the Bolshevik Revolution

34
Q

38th parallel

A

(1945) Division of Korea established after Japanese surrendered in WWII

35
Q

Republic of Korea

A

(1988) South Korea was democratic and multiparty since then

36
Q

Democratic People’s Republic of Korea

A

North Korea had single-party rule with Korean Workers’ Party

37
Q

Indochina

A

Developments of the Vietnam War took place here

38
Q

Nguyen Dynasty

A

(1802) Took over Vietnam, but French took over in 1887

39
Q

guerrilla warfare v. traditional warfare

A

Guerrilla warfare has small, fast, lightly armed units that used tactics like hit-and-run, raids, and ambushes

40
Q

Viet Minh

A

(1941) Pro-Leninist movement with guerrilla warfare organized by Ho Chi Minh

Attacked Japanese invasion in Vietnam until they left in 1945

(Mar. - May. 1954) Defeated French in Dien Bien Phu, ending First Indochina War

41
Q

Socialist Republic of Vietnam

A

(1975) Name of new state after Vietnam War/Second Indochina War

Single-party rule with Communist Party of Vietnam

HIST 1020 (18 decks)

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