Exam 3: (1/6) China in the 20th Century

Question 1

Mao Zedong (2 years)

Answer 1

(1943) Becomes first chairman of the Communist Party of China, calls for a peasant revolt
(1949) Founded PRC

Question 2

When did Jiang Jeishi replace Sun Yat-sen?

When did he flee to Taiwan, and when was Taiwan liberated?

Answer 2

(1925) Replaced Sun Yat-sen after his death
(1949) Hated communists, fled to Taiwan after they won the civil war

Changed name to Chiang Kai-shek, ruled Taiwan brutally until (1975)

Question 3

Chen Duxiu (year)

Answer 3

(1921) Founded the Communist Party of China, which began to rise in power

Mao Zedong was a follower

Question 4

Deng Xiaoping (year)

Answer 4

(1976) Led the Party after Mao died

Made 4 Modernizations: agriculture, industry, sci-tech, military

Question 5

Wei Jingshang

Answer 5

Non-communist who promoted idea of Fifth Modernization (freedom of speech, democracy) on the Democracy Wall (est. by Deng Xiaoping)

Question 6

Xi Jinping

Answer 6

Current leader of China since 2012

Question 7

PRC characteristics

Answer 7

Authoritarian rule with Communist Party of China

Some free enterprise allowed (1978)

Question 8

Qing Dynasty (years)

Answer 8

Last Chinese dynasty, overthrown by Chinese nationalists led by Sun Yat-sen (1644-1911)

Movement later became GMD

Question 9

Guomindang

Answer 9

(~1911) nationalist movement transformed into a political party when nationalists led by Sun Yat-sen overthrew the Qing Dynasty

Question 10

Sun Yat-sen (3 years)

Answer 10

(1911) Overthrew Qing Dynasty
(1912) Took control and renamed China to Republic of China, ruled by GMD
(1925) Died and replaced by Jiang Jeishi

Question 11

Republic of China lasted through which years?

Answer 11

(1912-1949)

Question 12

Second Sino-Japanese War (years)

What happened after? (Year)

Answer 12

(1937-1945) Nationalists/communists actually cooperated and fought against the Japanese invasion

Japanese left because they lost WWII

(1949) Civil war, communists win

Question 13

First Five Year Plan (years)

Answer 13

(1953-1958) Not a failure, but also not a success

Goals: nationalize all property, collectivization

Question 14

Second Five Year Plan (years)

Answer 14

(1959-1962) AKA Great Leap Forward

Overfocusing on steel production led to Great Famine, where 30 million starved

Zedong criticized, so he makes a program to quell opposition

Question 15

Cultural Revolution (years)

Answer 15

(1966-1976) Ended when Mao died

“Goal” was to get rid of the 4 Olds: ideas, cultures, customs, habits

Assisted by red guards, who eliminated opponents, terrorize people

Question 16

4 things Deng Xiaoping did to modernize China

Answer 16

1. ) Decollectivization
2. ) Allowing foreign investors
3. ) Some free enterprise allowed
4. ) Promotion of consumer goods

Question 17

Beijing Spring of 1979

Answer 17

Deng Xiaoping disliked the democracy movement and shut down the wall

Question 18

Tiananmen Square (year)

Answer 18

(1989) 100s of student protestors demanding the end of the Communist Party crushed by tanks, 1000s arrested

Question 19

When did Mao Zedong found the PRC?

Answer 19

(1949)

Question 20

When did Chen Duxiu found the Communist Party of China?

Answer 20

1921

Question 21

When was the Qing Dynasty overthrown?

Answer 21

1911, by Sun Yat-sen