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Pharmacology Unit 3 > Terminology > Flashcards

Terminology Flashcards

1
Q

three functions of the nervous system

A

sensory
integrative (analysis)
motor (action)

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2
Q

the nervous system works in tandem with what system

A

endocrine (hormones)

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3
Q

primary mediator of the nervous system

A

hypothalamus

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4
Q

what makes up the central nervous system

A

brain and spinal cord

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5
Q

two things contained in the peripheral nervous system

A

cranial nerves
spinal nerves

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6
Q

carries info from periphery to CNS

A

afferent pathways (a = arrives at CNS)

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7
Q

carries info from CNS to body

A

efferent pathways (e = exits the CNS)

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8
Q

two subsystems of the PNS

A

somatic nervous system
autonomic nervous system

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9
Q

what nervous system is the voluntary movement of muscles

A

somatic nervous system

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10
Q

what nervous system is the involuntary system

A

autonomic nervous system

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11
Q

which PNS uses ganglions

A

autonomic nervous system

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12
Q

a collection of neuronal bodies found in the voluntary and autonomic branches of the peripheral nervous system

A

ganglion

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13
Q

fundamental unit of the nervous system, nerve cell

A

neuron

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14
Q

what travels along nerve cells (neurons)

A

electrical impulses

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15
Q

what makes electrical impulses travel faster

A

myelin sheath

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16
Q

In order for transmission to occur from one cell to the next, this electrical message must be translated into a what

A

chemical message

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17
Q

the space between the nerve cells

A

synapse

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18
Q

part of the neuron that is away from the nerve into the synapse (proximal)

A

axon

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19
Q

part of the neuron that is toward the nerve from the synapse

A

dendrite

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20
Q

neurotransmitters cross the synapse and trigger what

A

receptors

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21
Q

two divisions of the autonomic nervous system

A

sympathetic
parasympathetic

22
Q

the sympathetic nervous system is known as

A

adrenergic system

23
Q

the parasympathetic nervous system is known as

A

cholinergic system

24
Q

which ANS is the energy expending system

A

sympathetic system

25
Q

which ANS is the energy conserving system

A

parasympathetic system

26
Q

which ANS is the “fight or flight”

A

sympathetic

27
Q

which ANS is the “rest and digest”

A

parasympathetic

28
Q

which nervous system has two neurons that carry impulses to target structures

A

Autonomic nervous system

29
Q

which nervous system has one neuron that carries impulses to target structures

A

Somatic Nervous system

30
Q

what are sympathetic (adrenergic) neurotransmitters called

A

catecholamines

31
Q

three catecholamines (neurotransmitters) of the sympathetic (adrenergic) nervous system

A

epinephrine
norepinephrine
dopamine

32
Q

receptors of the sympathetic (adrenergic) nervous system

A

alpha 1 & 2
beta 1 & 2
dopamine

33
Q

which receptors of the sympathetic (adrenergic) nervous system are mostly stimulatory

A

alpha 1 & 2

34
Q

which receptors of the sympathetic (adrenergic) nervous system are mostly inhibitory

A

beta 1 & 2

35
Q

four effects of the sympathetic (adrenergic) nervous system neurotransmitters

A

Increases HR and respiration
Decreases GI motility
Dilates vessels in skeletal muscles
Dilates bronchioles

36
Q

three things that alpha 1 receptors do

A

Constricts arterioles
Dilates the pupil
Increases tone of the urethra

37
Q

what do alpha 2 receptors do

A

contraction of skeletal muscle

38
Q

two things that beta 1 receptors do

A

Heart rate, conduction, and contractility increased
Renin release from the kidneys

39
Q

two things that beta 2 receptors do

A

Dilation of skeletal blood vessels
Dilation of bronchioles

40
Q

three things that dopamine receptors do

A

Kidneys: dilates blood vessels
Heart: dilation of coronary blood vessels
Mesenteric blood vessels: dilation

41
Q

neurotransmitter of the parasympathetic (cholinergic) nervous system

A

acetylcholine

42
Q

two receptors of the parasympathetic (cholinergic) nervous system

A

nicotinic
muscarinic (SLUDGE)

43
Q

effects of parasympathetic (cholinergic) neurotransmitters

A

the opposite of sympathetic neurotransmitters

44
Q

four ways that drugs affect the ANS

  • _______ neurotransmitters

*Interfere with neurotransmitter ________

*Block the _______ of neurotransmitters to receptors

*Interfere with ________ or ________ of neurotransmitters at the synapse.

A

MIMIC neurotransmitters

Interfere with neurotransmitter RELEASE

Block the ATTACHMENT of neurotransmitters to receptors

Interfere with BREAKDOWN or REUPTAKE of neurotransmitters at the synapse.

45
Q

what do parasympathetic drugs stimulate

A

cholinergic agents

46
Q

what are cholinergic agents called

A

parasympathomimetic

47
Q

what do parasympathetic drugs block

A

anticholinergic agents

48
Q

what do sympathetic drugs stimulate

A

adrenergic agents

49
Q

what are adrenergic agents called

A

sympathomimetics

50
Q

what do sympathetic drugs block

A

adrenergic blocking agents

Pharmacology Unit 3 (23 decks)

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