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Pharmacology Unit 3 > Adrenergics > Flashcards

Adrenergics Flashcards

1
Q

mechanism of action for adrenergics/sympathomimetics

A

act at receptors mediated by epinephrine and norepinephrine

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2
Q

two receptor types for adrenergics/sympathomimetics

A

alpha (alpha 1, alpha 2)
beta (beta 1, beta 2)

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3
Q

alpha receptors are excitatory everywhere except where

A

GI tract

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4
Q

beta receptors are inhibitory everywhere except where

A

the heart

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5
Q

five clinical uses of adrenergics/sympathomimetics

A

stimulate the heart to beat during cardiac arrest
treat anaphylactic shock
vasoconstriction
increase smooth muscle tone
treatment of glaucoma

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6
Q

two ways that adrenergics/sympathomimetic drugs work to treat anaphylactic shock

A

reverses hypotension
reverses bronchoconstriction

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7
Q

four ways adrenergics/sympathomimetic drugs work to treat vasoconstriction

A

to reverse hypotension
To reduce capillary bleeding
To reduce mucous membrane constriction in allergies
To prolong the action of a local anesthetic

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8
Q

how does adrenergics/sympathomimetic drugs work on the urinary system

A

smooths muscle tone and treats urinary incontinence

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9
Q

how does adrenergics/sympathomimetic drugs work to treat glaucoma

A

Alpha stimulation increases outflow of aqueous humor

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10
Q

five adverse effects of Adrenergics/sympathomimetic:

A

Tachycardia
Hypertension
Nervousness
Cardiac arrhythmias
Pulmonary edema

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11
Q

where three neurotransmitters make up Catecholamines

A

Epinephrine
Norepinephrine
Dopamine

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12
Q

what three drugs make up beta agonists of Adrenergics/sympathomimetic:

A

albuterol
terbutaline
ephedrine

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13
Q

three alpha 2 agonists of Adrenergics/sympathomimetic:

A

xylazine
detomidine
Dexmedetomidine

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14
Q

what is epinephrine

A

adrenalin

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15
Q

what does using epinephrine as a positive inotrope do

A

increases cardiac output

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16
Q

what does using epinephrine as a positive chronotrope do

A

increase heart rate

17
Q

epinephrine (adrenalin) causes ________ of the skin and ______ in the muscles

A

vasoconstriction
vasodilation

18
Q

what is the respiratory effect of epinephrine (adrenalin)

A

bronchodilation

19
Q

what is the effect on the metabolism of epinephrine (adrenalin)

A

increases it

20
Q

where does epinephrine need to live but where does it belong

A

in the fridge…. belongs in your crash cart - leave a note on the crash cart about where it’s kept!

21
Q

which Adrenergics/sympathomimetic is primarily used as a vasopressor (increases BP)

A

norepinephrine

22
Q

which Adrenergics/sympathomimetics are used as brochodilator

A

albuterol
terbutaline
ephedrine

23
Q

which bronchodilator is kept in the locked drug cabinet (even though its not a controlled drug) and why

A

Vasopro (ephedrine)

because it can be used to make meth

24
Q

which adrenergics/sympathomimetic is used for urinary incontinence

A

Phenylpropanolamine

25
Q

how do Phenylpropanolamine work for urinary incontinence

A

it increases urethral sphincter tone

26
Q

what can Phenylpropanolamine also be used for

A

bronchodilator

27
Q

what adrenergic/sympathomimetic drug can be used for acute heart failure

A

dobutamine

28
Q

which alpha blocker treats hypertension and urethral spasms

A

Prazosin

29
Q

agonist antagonist blocks what

A

agonist site (kicks agonist cars out of their parking spots and takes over)

30
Q

what adrenergic blocker/sympatholytics reverses xylazine

A

yohimbine

31
Q

what adrenergic blocker/sympatholytic reverses dexmedetomidine

A

atipamezole (antisedan)

32
Q

what adrenergic blocker/sympatholytic acts as a tranquilizer

A

acepromazine

33
Q

what does acepromazine block

A

dopamine

34
Q

three clinical indications for beta blocker use

A

Hypertension
Arrhythmias
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

35
Q

six side effects of adrenergic blockers/sympatholytics

A

Hypotension
Tremors and seizures
Bradycardia
Bronchoconstriction
Heart block
Syncope

36
Q

neurotransmitters of the sympathetic nervous system

A

epinephrine
norepinephrine
dopamine

Pharmacology Unit 3 (23 decks)

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