Adrenergics Flashcards
mechanism of action for adrenergics/sympathomimetics
act at receptors mediated by epinephrine and norepinephrine
two receptor types for adrenergics/sympathomimetics
alpha (alpha 1, alpha 2)
beta (beta 1, beta 2)
alpha receptors are excitatory everywhere except where
GI tract
beta receptors are inhibitory everywhere except where
the heart
five clinical uses of adrenergics/sympathomimetics
stimulate the heart to beat during cardiac arrest
treat anaphylactic shock
vasoconstriction
increase smooth muscle tone
treatment of glaucoma
two ways that adrenergics/sympathomimetic drugs work to treat anaphylactic shock
reverses hypotension
reverses bronchoconstriction
four ways adrenergics/sympathomimetic drugs work to treat vasoconstriction
to reverse hypotension
To reduce capillary bleeding
To reduce mucous membrane constriction in allergies
To prolong the action of a local anesthetic
how does adrenergics/sympathomimetic drugs work on the urinary system
smooths muscle tone and treats urinary incontinence
how does adrenergics/sympathomimetic drugs work to treat glaucoma
Alpha stimulation increases outflow of aqueous humor
five adverse effects of Adrenergics/sympathomimetic:
Tachycardia
Hypertension
Nervousness
Cardiac arrhythmias
Pulmonary edema
where three neurotransmitters make up Catecholamines
Epinephrine
Norepinephrine
Dopamine
what three drugs make up beta agonists of Adrenergics/sympathomimetic:
albuterol
terbutaline
ephedrine
three alpha 2 agonists of Adrenergics/sympathomimetic:
xylazine
detomidine
Dexmedetomidine
what is epinephrine
adrenalin
what does using epinephrine as a positive inotrope do
increases cardiac output
what does using epinephrine as a positive chronotrope do
increase heart rate
epinephrine (adrenalin) causes ________ of the skin and ______ in the muscles
vasoconstriction
vasodilation
what is the respiratory effect of epinephrine (adrenalin)
bronchodilation
what is the effect on the metabolism of epinephrine (adrenalin)
increases it
where does epinephrine need to live but where does it belong
in the fridge…. belongs in your crash cart - leave a note on the crash cart about where it’s kept!
which Adrenergics/sympathomimetic is primarily used as a vasopressor (increases BP)
norepinephrine
which Adrenergics/sympathomimetics are used as brochodilator
albuterol
terbutaline
ephedrine
which bronchodilator is kept in the locked drug cabinet (even though its not a controlled drug) and why
Vasopro (ephedrine)
because it can be used to make meth
which adrenergics/sympathomimetic is used for urinary incontinence
Phenylpropanolamine
how do Phenylpropanolamine work for urinary incontinence
it increases urethral sphincter tone
what can Phenylpropanolamine also be used for
bronchodilator
what adrenergic/sympathomimetic drug can be used for acute heart failure
dobutamine
which alpha blocker treats hypertension and urethral spasms
Prazosin
agonist antagonist blocks what
agonist site (kicks agonist cars out of their parking spots and takes over)
what adrenergic blocker/sympatholytics reverses xylazine
yohimbine
what adrenergic blocker/sympatholytic reverses dexmedetomidine
atipamezole (antisedan)
what adrenergic blocker/sympatholytic acts as a tranquilizer
acepromazine
what does acepromazine block
dopamine
three clinical indications for beta blocker use
Hypertension
Arrhythmias
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
six side effects of adrenergic blockers/sympatholytics
Hypotension
Tremors and seizures
Bradycardia
Bronchoconstriction
Heart block
Syncope
neurotransmitters of the sympathetic nervous system
epinephrine
norepinephrine
dopamine
