Terminology

Question 1

What does “production” mean?

Answer 1

Production refers to all phases of designing, developing and making a product.

Question 2

What does “distribution” mean?

Answer 2

Distribution refers to the process of delivering a product to the audience (via tangible disk/DVD, digital, iCloud, in cinemas etc) and the marketing/promotion of the product.

Question 3

What does “exhibition/circulation/consumption” mean?

Answer 3

Exhibition refers to how the audience uses the product for their own pleasure (uses and gratifications theory; escapism, identity, entertainment, social interaction, information/education) and explores the rise of user-generated content in order to spread the product around (prosumers/textual poachers).

Question 4

What is horizontal integration?

Answer 4

Horizontal integration is when a large conglomerate buys smaller subsidiary companies in the same field of the industry. (e.g. Disney (a production company) buys Lucasfilms and Marvel (also production companies)

Question 5

What is vertical integration?

Answer 5

Vertical integration is when a conglomerate owns companies in all parts of the media industry in order to maximise profit. (e.g. Disney (a production company) owns Buena Vista Distribution (a distribution company)

Question 6

What is Andrew Goodwin’s Music Video theory?

Answer 6

Goodwin’s theory states that there are 3 types of relations between song lyrics and music videos: illustration, amplification and disjuncture