Terminal Respiration Flashcards

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1
Q

Where is the only site of oxidative phosphorylation in eukaryotes?

A

Mitochondria

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2
Q

What does oxidative phosphorylation allow?

A

The coupling of the oxidation of carbon fuels to ATP synthesis and utilises proton gradients to produce ATP.

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3
Q

What is the glycerol phosphate shuttle?

A

FADHs passing its electrons on to the electron transport chain within the mitochondria from the cytoplasm.

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4
Q

What does complex 1 do in the electron transport chain?

A

Oxidises NADH and passes high energy electrons to ubiquinone to make ubiquinol.

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5
Q

What does complex 2 do in the electron transport chain?

A

Oxidises FADH2 and passes high energy electrons to ubiquinone to make ubiquinol.

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6
Q

What is it believed that heme groups do to electrons?

A

Block stray electrons as leaked ones are believed to contribute to cancer.

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7
Q

What does complex 3 do in the electron transport chain?

A

Takes electrons and passes them to cytochrome c. 1QH2 is oxidised to yield two reduced cytochrome c molecules and pumps proteins across the intermembrane space.

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8
Q

What does complex 4 do in the electron transport chain?

A

Takes electrons from cytochrome c and passes them to molecular oxygen. Electrons passed through the channel pump proteins into the intermembrane space.

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9
Q

How is energy conserved in the electron transport chain?

A

From the breakdown of food and also through setting up a proton gradient across the inner mitochondrial membrane.

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10
Q

Define chemiosmosis.

A

As electrons pass through the complexes of the transport chain protons move from the matrix to the outside of the inner mitochondrial membrane.

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11
Q

Define proton motive force.

A

When these protons are allowed to flow back down their gradient they release energy to do work.

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