Carbohydrates 5 Flashcards
Define the citric acid cycle.
Common metabolic pathway for all fuel molecules. Occurs in the mitochondrial matrix and yields a large amount of energy.
The citric acid cycle removes electrons and passes them to ______ and ______.
NAD+ and FAD+
What is acetyl CoA made of?
Pyruvate and fatty acids.
What are the 3 steps of making acetyl CoA?
Decarboxylation
Oxidation
Transfer of CoA complex
Define pyruvate dehydrogenase.
Contains 10 copies of each enzyme subunit and each subunit catalyses a different part of the reaction.
Why is the ‘black box’ of the citric acid cycle termed that?
The intermediate molecules in the cycle remain constant.
GTP can readily be converted into ______.
ATP
What regulates pyruvate dehydrogenase?
Intermediate products and the end point of cellular respiration
What regulates isocitrate dehydrogenase?
ATP/NADH negatively regulate
ADP positively regulates
What regulates Alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase?
NADH/Succinyl CoA negatively regulate
ATP positively regulates
The citric acid cycle is ______.
Amphibolic
What does blocking isocitrate cause?
Build up of citrate which is shuttled to the cytoplasm and stops glycolysis.
What does build up of alpha-ketoglutarate cause?
Switches its use to production of amino acids.
