Teratogens Flashcards
ACE inhibitors effect on fetus
Renal damage
Alkylating agents effect on fetus
Absence of digits, multiple anomalies
Aminoglycosides effect on fetus
CN VIII toxicity
Carbamazepine effect on fetus
Neural tube defects, craniofacial defects, fingernail hypoplasia, developmental delay, IUGR
Diethylstilbestrol (DES) effect on fetus
Vaginal clear cell adenocarcinoma, congenital Mullerian anomalies
Folate antagonist effect on fetus
Neural tube defects
Lithium effect on fetus
Ebstein anomaly (atrialized right ventricle)
Methimazole effect on fetus
Aplasia cutis congenita
Phenytoin effect on fetus
Fetal hydantoin syndrome: microcephaly, dysmorphic craniofacial features, hypoplastic nails and distal phalanges, cardiac defects, IUGR, retarded
tetracyclines effect on fetus
Discolored teeth
Thalidomide effect on fetus
Limb defects (phocomelia, micromelia - “flipper limbs”)
Valproate effect on fetus
Inhibition of maternal folate absorption causing neural tube defects
Warfarin effect on fetus
Bone deformities, fetal hemorrhage, abortion, ophthalmologic abnormalities
Alcohol effect on fetus
FAS; intellectual disabilityi
Cocaine effect on fetus
Abnormal fetal growth and fetal addiction; placental abruption
Smoking effect on fetus
LBW in developed countries; preterm labor, placental problems, IUGR, ADHD
Iodine lack or excess effect on fetus
Congenital goiter of hypothyroidism (Cretinism)
Maternal Diabetes effect on fetus
Caudal regression syndrome (anal atresia to sirenomelia), congenital heart defects, neural tube defects
Vitamin A excess effect on fetus
Extremely high risk of spontaneous abortions and birth defects like cleft palate, cardiac anomalies
X-ray effect on fetus
Microcephaly, intellectual disability
Smooth philtrum, thin upper lip, small palpebral fissures, hypertelorism, limb dislocation and heart defects, retardation, microcephaly and holoprosencephaly
Fetal Alcohol Syndrome
