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First Aid Reproductive > Embryology > Flashcards

Embryology Flashcards

1
Q

Produced at base of limbs in zone of polarizing activity.Involved in patterning along anterior-posterior axis. CNS development; mutationi = holoprosencephaly

A

Sonic Hedgehog Gene

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2
Q

Produced at apical ectodermal ridge (end of developing limb); Necessary for proper organization along dorsal-ventral axis

A

Wnt-7 gene

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3
Q

Produced at apical ectodermal ridge. Stimulates mitosis of underlying mesoderm, lengthening of limbs

A

FGF gene

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4
Q

Involved in segmental organization of embyro in a craniocaudal direction.

A

Homeobox genes

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5
Q

Mutation of this causes appendages in wrong locations

A

Hox gene

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6
Q

Day 0

A

fertilization

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7
Q

Day 2

A

zygote in fallopian tube

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8
Q

Day 3

A

Morula

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9
Q

Day 5

A

Blastocyst

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10
Q

Day 7-10

A

Implantation; when hCG secretion begins

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11
Q

2 weeks

A

Bilaminar disc; epiblast & hypoblast

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12
Q

3 weeks

A

Trilaminar disc; Gastrulation

Primitive streak, notochord, mesoderm and its organization, and neural plate begin to form

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13
Q

Embryonic period

A

3-8 weeks; neural tube forms by neuroectoderm and closes by week 4; organogenesis; extremely susceptible to teratogens

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14
Q

Week 4

A

heart begins to beat; upper and lower limb buds begin to form (4weeks; 4 limbs)

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15
Q

Week 5

A

Fetal cardiac activity visible by transvaginal ultrasound

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16
Q

Week 10

A

Genitalia have male/female characteristics

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17
Q

Process that forms the trilaminar embryonic disc. Establishes the ectoderm, mesoderm and endoderm. Starts with epiblast invaginating to form primitive streak

A

Gastrulation

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18
Q

Adenohypophysis (from Rathke pouch)

A

Surface ectoderm

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19
Q

Lens of Eye; olfactory epithelium; sensory organ of ear

A

Surface ectoderm

20
Q

Anal canal below pectinate line

A

Surface ectoderm

21
Q

Epithelial lining of oral cavity; parotid, sweat and mammary glands

A

Surface ectoderm

22
Q

Neurohypophysis

A

Neuroectoderm

23
Q

Retina and optic nerve

A

Neuroectoderm

24
Q

CNS neurons, oligodendrocytes, astrocytes, ependymal cell pineal gland

A

Neuroectoderm

25
Q

Spinal Cord

A

Neuroectoderm

26
Q

PNS (DRG, CN, celiac ganglion, Schwann Cells, ANS)

A

Neural Crest

27
Q

Melanocytes, chromaffin cells and adrenal medulla

A

Neural Crest

28
Q

Parafollicular (C) cells of thyroid, pia and arachnoid

A

Neural Crest

29
Q

Bones of skull, odontoblasts, aorticopulmonary septum

A

Neural Crest

30
Q

Mesodermal Defect

A

VACTERL

vertebral defects; anal atresia; cardiac defects; tracheo-esophageal fistula; renal defects; limb defects

31
Q

Muscle, bone, CT, serous lining of body cavity

32
Q

Foregut mesentary

A

Spleen; from mesoderm

33
Q

Cardiovascular stuctures; lymphatics; blood

34
Q

Vagina; kidneys; adrenal cortex; testes; ovaries

35
Q

Dermis and wall of gut tube

36
Q

Induces Ectoderm to form neuroectoderm (neural plate)

37
Q

Gut tube epithelium

38
Q

Anal canal above pectinate line

39
Q

Luminal Epithelial Derivatives

40
Q

Most of urethra

41
Q

Absent organ due to absent primordial tissue

42
Q

Absent organ despite presence of primordial tissue

43
Q

Incomplete organ development; primordial tissue is present

A

Hypoplasia

44
Q

Extrinsic disruption; occurs after embryonic period

A

Deformation

45
Q

Secondary breakdown of a previously normal tissue or structure (amniotic band syndrome)

A

Disruption

46
Q

Intrinsic disruption; occurs during embryonic period of 3-8weeks

A

Malformation

47
Q

Abnormalities resulting from a single primary embryological event like oligohydraminos to Potter

First Aid Reproductive (15 decks)

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