Pharmacology

Question 1

GnRH analog with agonist properties when used in pulsatile fashion; antagonist properties when used in continuous fashion (downregulates GnRH-R)

Answer 1

Leuprolide

Question 2

Pulsatile Leuprolide use

Answer 2

Infertility

Question 3

Continuous use of Leuprolide with Flutamide

Answer 3

prostate cancer

Question 4

Continuous use of Leuprolide

Answer 4

uterine fibrinoids; precocious puberty

Question 5

Toxicity of leuprolide

Answer 5

Antiandrogen, N/V

Question 6

Bind estorgen receptors

Answer 6

ethinyl estradiol, DES, mestranol

Question 7

Cause clear cell adenocarcinoma is exposed to in utero

Answer 7

DES

Question 8

antagonist at estrogen receptors in hypothalamus to increase LH and FSH and therefore stimulate ovulation

Answer 8

Clomiphene (SERM)

Question 9

Used to treat infertility due to PCOS

Answer 9

Clomiphene (SERM)

Question 10

S/E of Clomiphene

Answer 10

Hot flashes; ovarian enlargement; multiple simultaneous pregnancies and visual disturbances

Question 11

Antagonist on breast tissue; agonist on uterus and bone’ primarily used to treat and prevent estrogen receptor positive breast cancer

Answer 11

Tamoxifen (SERM)

Question 12

S/E of tamoxifen

Answer 12

Thromboembolic events and endometrial cancer

Question 13

Estorgen agonist on bone; antagonist on uterus; used to treat osteoporosis of bone

Answer 13

Raloxifene (SERM)

Question 14

Aromatase inhibitors used in postmenopausal women with breast cancer

Answer 14

Anastrozole/exemestane

Question 15

Binds progesterone receptors to decrease endometrial growth but increase vascularization

Answer 15

Progestins

Question 16

Used as OCP and in the tx of endometrial cancer and abnormal uterine bleeding

Answer 16

Progestins

Question 17

Competitive inhibitor of progestins at progesterone receptors; terminates pregnancy

Answer 17

Mifepristone (PGE1)

Question 18

C/I of OCP

Answer 18

smokers >35 years old, hx f thromboembolism and stroke of history of estrogen-dependent tumor

Question 19

Beta-2 agonist that relaxes the uterus; used to decrease contraction frequency in women during labor

Answer 19

Terbutaline

Question 20

Synthetic androgen that acts as a partial agonist for endometriosis and hereditary angioedema

Answer 20

Danazol

Question 21

Toxicity on Danazol

Answer 21

Weight gain, edema, acne, hirsutism, masculinization, decrease HDL, hepatotoxicity

Question 22

5alpha-reductase inhibitor used for male pattern balding and BPH

Answer 22

Finasteride

Question 23

Nonsteroidal competitive inhibitor of androgens at testosterone receptor used in prostate carcinoma

Answer 23

Flutamide

Question 24

Inhibits steroid synthesis; inhibits 17,20 desmolase

Answer 24

ketoconazole

Question 25

Inhibits steroid binding, 17alpha-hydroxylase, and 17,20-desmolase

Answer 25

Spironolactone

Question 26

Used in treatment of PCOS to prevent hirsutism; both cause gynecomastia and amenorrhea

Answer 26

Ketoconazole and Spironolactone`

Question 27

An alpha1A &1D antagonist used to tx BPH by inhibiting smooth muscle contraction

Answer 27

Tamosulosin

Question 28

Don’t take with nitrates

Answer 28

sildenafil and vardenafil

Question 29

MoA of sildenafil and vardenafil

Answer 29

Inhibits phosphodiesterase 5 causing increase in cGMP, smooth muscle relaxation of corpus cavernosum and increase blood flow to penis to get penile erection