Aortic Arches Flashcards
Part of maxillary artery (branch of external carotid artery)
1st aortic arch
Stapedial artery and hyoid artery
2nd aortic arch
Common carotid artery and proximal part of internal carotid artery
3rd aortic arch
On left, aortic arch; On right, proximal part Rt subclavian artery
4th aortic arch
Proximal part of pulmonary arteries; Left only - ductus arteriosus
6th aortic arch
Where right recurrent laryngeal artery loops
right common carotid and right subclavian artery
where left recurrent laryngeal artery gets caught
ductus arteriosus which turns into ligamentum arteriosum after birth ( loops around aortic arch)
Brachial Cleft (groove)
Ectoderm
Brachial Arch
Mesoderm
Brachial Pouch
Mesoderm
external Auditory meatus
1st brachial cleft
temporary cervical sinuses, obliterated by proliferation of 2nd arch mesenchyme
2-4 brachial clefts
Persistent cervical sinus
Brachial cleft cyst within lateral neck
Meckel cartilage
Mandible, malleus, incus, sphenomandibular ligament - all from 1st brachial arch
nerves associated with 1st brachial arch
CN V2 and V3
Nerve associated with 2nd brachial arch
CN VII
nerve associated with 3rd brachial arch
CN IX
Nerve associated with 4th brachial acrh
CN X, superior laryngeal br to swallow
Nerve associated with 4th brachial arch
CN X, superior laryngeal br to swallow
Nerve associated with 6th brachial arch
CN X, recurrent larngeal cr to speak
reichert cartilage
stapes, styloid process, lesser horn of hyoid, stylohyoid ligament - 2nd brachial arch
Muscles of mastication
temporalis, masseter, lateral and medial pterygoids
Treacher collins
Failure of 1st arch neural crest to migrate; mandibular hypoplasia, facial abnormalities
Muscles of Facial Expression
2nd Brachial arch
myelohyoid, anterior belly of digastric, tensor tympani, tensor veli palatini
More muscles assocaited with 1st brachial arch
Stapedius, Stylohyoid, platysma, posterior belly of digastric
2nd brachial arch
Congenital pharngocutaneous fistula
persistence of cleft or pouch resulting in a fistula between tonsillar area and lateral neck (2nd arch abnormalitiy)
Cartilage of greater horn of hyoid
3rd brachial arch
Stylopharyngeus
3rd brachial arch; associated with glossoPHARYNGEAL nerve
Thyroid, cricoid, arytenoid, corniculate and cuneiform cartilages
4-6th brachial arches
most pharyngeal constrictors; cricothyroid; levator veli palatini
4th brachial arch
all intrinsic muscle of larynx except cricothyroid
6th brachial arch
Branchial Cleft (groove)
Ectoderm
Branchial Arch
Mesoderm
Branchial Pouch
Mesoderm
external Auditory meatus
1st branchial cleft
temporary cervical sinuses, obliterated by proliferation of 2nd arch mesenchyme
2-4 branchial clefts
Persistent cervical sinus
Branchial cleft cyst within lateral neck
Meckel cartilage
Mandible, malleus, incus, sphenomandibular ligament - all from 1st branchial arch
nerves associated with 1st branchial arch
CN V2 and V3
Nerve associated with 2nd branchial arch
CN VII
nerve associated with 3rd branchial arch
CN IX
Nerve associated with 4th branchial arch
CN X, superior laryngeal br to swallow
Nerve associated with 6th branchial arch
CN X, recurrent larngeal br to speak
reichert cartilage
stapes, styloid process, lesser horn of hyoid, stylohyoid ligament - 2nd branchial arch
myelohyoid, anterior belly of digastric, tensor tympani, tensor veli palatini
More muscles assocaited with 1st branchial arch
Stapedius, Stylohyoid, platysma, posterior belly of digastric
2nd branchial arch
Cartilage of greater horn of hyoid
3rd branchial arch
Stylopharyngeus
3rd branchial arch; associated with glossoPHARYNGEAL nerve
Thyroid, cricoid, arytenoid, corniculate and cuneiform cartilages
4-6th branchial arches
most pharyngeal constrictors; cricothyroid; levator veli palatini
4th branchial arch
all intrinsic muscle of larynx except cricothyroid
6th branchial arch
Arch that make posterior 1/3 of tongue
3rd and 4th branchial arches
Develops into middle ear cavity; eustachian tube and mastoid air cells
1st branchial pouch
Endoderm-lined structures of ear
1st branchial pouch
Develops into epithelial lining of palatine tonsil
2nd branchial pouch
Dorsal wings or 3rd branchial pouch
inferior parathyroids (which is weird because superior parathyroids are from the 4th)
Ventral wings of 3rd branchial pouch
thymus
Dorsal wings of 4th branchial pouch
superior parathyroids
Aberrant development of 3rd and 4th pouches
DiGeorge Syndrome
T cell deficiency (thymic aplasia), hypocalcemia (failure of PTH to develop) and conotruncal anomalies
DiGeorge Syndrome
Mutation of germline RET (neural crest cells)
MEN2A
Affected organs in MEN2A
Adrenal medulla (pheochromocytoma) Parathyroid tumor (3rd/4th pharyngeal pouches) Parafollicular cells (medullary thyroid) from neural crest cells derived from 4th/5th pouches
Failure of fusion of maxillary and medial nasal processes; fail to form primary palate
Cleft Lip
Failure of fusion of the two lateral palatine processes of failure of fusion of lateral palatine with nasal septum and or median palatine process; fail to form secondary palate
Cleft palate