Tequila Mezcal Rum Spirits/Producers Flashcards
What is Rum?
Rum is a distilled spirit produced from fermented sugarcane or molasses, a byproduct of processing sugarcane into sugar. The style originated in the Caribbean in the 19th century
List the four styles of Rum?
Light rum (continuous method, charcoal fliltered)
dark rum (Fuller body darker color)
Demerara rum (Light style from Guyana distilled from molasses aged over a decade)
Rhum agricole (Martinique AOC produced from sugar cane juice and mandatory continuous column still)
In Rhum Agricole production the continuous still comprises what three elements?
The heater chamber, the stripping column, and the condensation column
El Dorado rum origin?
Guyana 1670
Ron Zacapa rum origin?
Zacapa, Guatemala 1976
Zacapa Aztec “on the river of grass”
Rhum J.M origin?
Jean-Marie Martin created Rhum J.m in 1845
Located in the small northern village of Macouba, Martinique, at the base of iconic volcano Mt. Pelée
Mount Gay rum origin?
St Lucy, Barbados 1703
Flor de Cana rum?
Nicaragua at the base of San Cristóbol Volcano
Pyrat rum origin?
Guyana
Chairmans reserve rum?
St. Lucia
What are the six Mexican distilled spirit DO’s?
Bacanora DO (Agave angustifolia 38-55% alcohol)
Charanda DO 100 % sugar cane (juice, molasses)
Raicilla DO (5 agave varieties and Tequila weber azul 35-55% Alc)
Sotol DO (succulent Dasylirion wheeleri 38-55% Alc)
Mezcal DO (36-55% Alc)
Tequila DO (Agave tequilana blue agave 35-55% Alc)
Define tequila?
Tequila is produced from the fermented juice of the cooked piña (pineapple), the heart of the blue agave (Agave tequilana) plant law mandating a minimum 51% blue agave; 49% other sugars make up the remainder of the ferment. Distillation occurs either in a traditional pot still (twice) or by the continuous method
When was Tequila DO established?
1977
What is tequila’s alcohol content?
35-55%
What are tequila’s aging requirements?
Blanco/Silver Tequila: max 2 months in oak or encino oak
Reposado (Aged) Tequila: Aged for a min of 2 months in oak or encino oak containers.
Añejo (Extra-aged) Tequila: Aged for a min of 1 year in oak or encino oak barrels. Max barrel size is 600 liters.
Extra Añejo (Ultra-aged) Tequila: Aged for a min of 3 years in oak or encino oak barrels. Max barrel size is 600 liters.
Define Mezcal?
Mezcal is the distilled liquor produced from fermented agave made principally in the state of Oaxaca, but the DO encompasses nine states and is governed by the Consejo Regulador del Mezcal. Close to 90% of mezcal is a distillate of the agave variety espadín (Agave angustifolia) The espadín plant matures in six to eight years.
Mezcal alcohol content?
36-55%
When was Mezcal DO established?
1994
List the authorized Agave varieties for Mezcal?
Agave angustifolia
Agave asperrima
Agave weberi
Agave potatorum
Agave salmiana
What are other wild varieties used in the production of Mezcal?
Arroqueño, tobalá, tepeztate, and many variations of Agave karwinskii
Basic mezcal can include up to 20% of other carbohydrate material. must indicate type II mezcal in this case
Explain production methods for Mezcal?
-Cooking: piña or maguey juices in pit ovens, cement or stainless steel tanks
-Milling: stone wheel, mechanical shredder or large mill
-Fermentation: wood cask, cement or staining steel tanks
-Distillation: alambic still, continuous still, copper still, or stainless steel tanks
Explain production for Mezcal Artesanal?
-Cooking: Pit ovens or cement
-Milling: wooden floor, bats, stone wheel or mechanical shredder
-Fermentation: stone vessel, cement, wood, clay, earthenware or animal skins; can include maguey fiber (bagazo)
-Distillation: direct fire on alembic, copper, small or large clay vessel; wood; copper or stainless tank; can include maguey fiber (bagazo)
Explain production for Mezcal Ancestral?
-Cooking: pit ovens
Milling: wooden bats or stone wheel
-Fermentation: stone vessel, cement, wood, clay, earthenware or animal skins; must include maguey fiber (bagazo)
-Distillation: direct fire on small or large clay vessel; wood; must include maguey fiber (bagazo)
What are the permitted additives for Mezcal?
Up to 5% of volume
Insects
Fruit
Herbs
Honey
Coloring agents
Meat
