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Alsace Jura Savoie Flashcards

1
Q

When was the 30 years war and who was it between?

A

Spanish Hapsburg and France between 1618-1648

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2
Q

Which regions are in the Grand Est région?

A

Alsace Champagne and Lorraine

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3
Q

What year marks the beginning of a divergence in French and German winemaking styles;

A

1945
German wines remained classically sweet, whereas Alsace producers fermented to dryness for a more powerful and food-friendly wine.

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4
Q

what year did Alsace finally achieved AOC status?

A

1962

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5
Q

What is the capital of the Haut-Rhin département?

A

Colmar

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6
Q

Where do the premier wines originate in Alsace?

A

Haut-Rhin

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7
Q

Which direction are the premier vineyards planted in Alsace?

A

Southern, southeastern, or warm eastern exposures to maximize sunlight.

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8
Q

What is grés de Vosges?

A

A local pink sandstone

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9
Q

What is the difference in soils between the steeper mountain slopes and lower mountain slops?

A

The steeper mountain slopes are generally composed of schist, granite, and volcanic sediment. The lower slopes sit on a limestone base, and the plain at the foot of the mountains consists of richer alluvial clay and gravel soils

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10
Q

What percentage of still white wine production comes from Alsace AOP?

A

20%

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11
Q

Four noble grapes of Alsace AOP?

A

Riesling, Pinot Gris, Gewurztraminer, and Muscat
(Muscat Blanc à Petits Grains, Muscat Rosé à Petits Grains, or Muscat Ottonel),

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12
Q

Which non noble grapes does Alsace AOP (Vin d’Alsace) allow?

A

Pinot Blanc (Klevner), Chasselas (Gutedel), Sylvaner, and Pinot Noir to be bottled varietally.

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13
Q

Which grape is Pinot Blanc sometimes blended with in Alsace AOP?

A

Auxerrois

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14
Q

Gewurztraminer is a pink-berried clone of what grape?

A

Traminer

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15
Q

What is another name for Traminer in the commune of Heiligenstein in the Bas-Rhin?

A

Klevener

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16
Q

Which five communes may bottle Klevener?

A

Heiligenstein, Bourgheim, Gertwiller, Goxwiller, and Obernai.

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17
Q

What does Edelzwicker mean In Alsace AOP?

A

noble mixture or inexpensive blend

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18
Q

What is the unofficial term of Gentil?

A

A superior designation for blends that contain a minimum of 50% noble grapes.

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19
Q

Describe field blends in Alsace AOP and a quality producer?

A

The grapes are typically vinified together and produced under a vineyard name. Marcel Deiss is one of the advocates using this approach as a means of emphasizing Alsatian terroir.

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20
Q

What year was Alsace Grand Cru AOP created and its first vineyard?

A

1975 with a single named vineyard, Schlossberg,

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21
Q

What year were the second and third additions added in Alsace Grand Cru AOP?

A

Another 24 grand cru vineyards appeared in 1983, followed by an additional 25 in 1992.

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22
Q

When was the 51st Alsace Grand Cru AOP added?

A

Kaefferkopf, was added in 2007

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23
Q

Which two Alsace Grand Cru AOP may blend according to certain prescribed proportions?

A

Altenberg de Bergheim and Kaefferkopf

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24
Q

Name a historical site for Sylvaner in Alsace Grand Cru AOP?

A

Zotzenberg is a historical site for Sylvaner, the grape is permitted in Grand Cru AOP varietal wines from the vineyard

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25
Q

When was Pinot Noir added to Alsace Grand Cru AOP and where?

A

In 2022 from Hengst and Kirchberg de Barr

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26
Q

What village is the newest addition for Pinot Noir Alsace Grand Cru AOP?

A

In 2024, Vorbourg, became a Pinot Noir producing Grand Cru

27
Q

Which viticulture technique is mandatory for Alsace Grand Cru AOP?

A

Hand Harvesting

28
Q

What is the minimum potential alcohol level for Alsace Grand Cru AOP noble grapes?

A

11% for Riesling and Muscat and 12.5% for Pinot Gris and Gewurztraminer, although certain vineyards mandate higher amounts.

29
Q

When was Vendanges Tardives and Sélections de Grains Nobles created?

A

1984

30
Q

Explain Sélection de Grains Nobles?

A

Generally picked in tries and suppress varietal character in return for the complexities of botrytis. SGN wines are always dessert-like. Grapes for both wines must be hand-harvested at specific minimum sugar levels. SGN requires 276 grams per liter for Muscat and Riesling, and 306 grams per liter for Pinot Gris and Gewurztraminer.

31
Q

Explain Vendanges Tardives?

A

VT wines may show botrytis character but emphasize varietal purity. Quality VT wines usually originate from vines in a state of passerillage. VT wines may vary in actual sugar and can be quite dry. Grapes for both wines must be hand-harvested at specific minimum sugar levels. VT requires a minimum of 244 grams per liter for Muscat and Riesling, and 270 grams per liter for Pinot Gris and Gewurztraminer

32
Q

What encépagement is allowed for Crémant d’alsace AOP?

A

Riesling, Pinot Blanc, Pinot Noir, Pinot Gris, Auxerrois, and/or Chardonnay

33
Q

What are the requirements for Crémant d’alsace AOP?

A

-Traditional Method Secondary Fermentation
-The wines must spend a min. 9 months on the lees prior to dégorgement (12 months total aging, with at least 9 months on the lees, is required from the 2012 vintage forward.)
-Min. 4 atmospheres of pressure
-Rosé wines may be made by Maceration or Saignée.

34
Q

What style of whites does Moselle AOP produce?

A

Red, white, and rosé wines, principally from Auxerrois and Pinot Noir. Varietally labelled Müller-Thurgau and Pinot Gris are also allowed

35
Q

What river flows north from France to Germany?

A

The Moselle River and after passing Trier it is called the Mosel River

36
Q

What is the soil type in Jura and climate?

A

The region’s vineyards, found on the mountains’ lower slopes, rest upon Jurassic limestone and marl, with a substantial amount of clay at the lowest sites. The Jura’s climate is continental, turning harshly cold in the wintertime.

37
Q

What are the three main red grapes of Côtes du Jura AOP?

A

Poulsard (Ploussard), Trousseau, and Pinot Noir.

38
Q

What are the main white grapes of Côtes du Jura AOP?

A

The dry whites are typically from Chardonnay (Gamay Blanc) and Savagnin—known locally as Naturé and elsewhere as Traminer, may be added as a blending partner. (Chardonnay and/or Savagnin must equal at least 80% of the blend.) Rosés can include all five grapes, and are usually made in the vin gris style.

39
Q

What are the three communal appellations in Jura AOP?

A

Arbois AOP, L’Etoile AOP, Château Chalon AOP

40
Q

Which Jura appellation only produces white wine?

A

L’Etoile, takes its name from a local fossil, shaped like a five-pointed star. The wines may contain Chardonnay, Poulsard, and Savagnin and are generally bottled late in an oxidative style.

41
Q

Where is Louis Pasteur from and what is he known for?

A

Arbois, Jura
He is known for inventing the process of pastuerization

42
Q

Explain Vin Jaune (yellow wine)?

A

Produced exclusively from Savagnin grapes grown on the local limestone and marl, the wine is deliberately oxidized and may age for decades. After fermentation, Savagnin—also called Naturé—is kept in barrel until December 15 of the sixth year following the harvest. The wine is not topped off during this period, and a voile, or “veil,” develops.

43
Q

What is voile, or “veil,”?

A

The voile is a film-forming yeast that covers the wine’s surface, similar to the flor of Jerez. The resulting wine is aldehydic, with nutty, almost curried flavor carried on a delicate, dry palate. Unlike Sherry, vin jaune is not fortified.

44
Q

What style of bottle must Château Chalon wines be bottled in?

A

In a clavelin, a squat, 62-centiliter bottle, and represent the classic vin jaune style.

45
Q

What is vin de paille, or “straw wines,” and what appellations are they labeled with?

A

The golden vin de paille, or “straw wines,” may be labeled as Arbois, L’Etoile, or Côtes du Jura.

46
Q

Explain how vin de paille, or “straw wines,” are made?

A

Ripe but not botrytised grapes are left to dry for a min of six weeks after harvest. Traditionally, the grapes are dried on straw mats, hung to dry or boxed in modern winemaking. As the grapes shrivel and raisinate, they achieve a must weight surpassing 320 grams per liter. Every element of the structure is concentrated; The final wine maintains acidity, giving balance to the high levels of residual sugar and pronounced alcohol content of at least 14%. After fermentation, the wines are aged for a minimum three years before release, including an obligatory 18 months in neutral wood barrels.

47
Q

What is the encépagement for Crémant du Jura AOP sparkling wines?

A

Est. in 1995.
Chardonnay, Pinot Noir, and/or Trousseau must comprise a minimum of 70% of the cuvée. Rosés must contain a minimum of 50% gray or black varieties.

48
Q

Describe Macvin du Jura vin de liquer?

A

Aged marc is added to unfermented grape must, resulting in a sweet, unfermented but alcoholic grape juice. Macvin du Jura may be red, white, or rosé, and must be aged for 10 months in oak after mutage.

49
Q

From north to south put in order Château Chalon, Arbois, L’Etoile.

A

Arbois, Château Chalon, L’Etoile

50
Q

Describe Savoie’s climate and some geographical influences?

A

Continental climate is moderated by Lake Bourget and the larger Lake Geneva, known as Lac Léman in France, Western Europe’s largest freshwater body.

51
Q

Name popular white grapes from Vin de Savoie AOP?

A

Jacquère is the most common grape, but Altesse, Roussanne (Bergeron), and Chardonnay produce higher-quality wines.

52
Q

What red grapes are used for red and rosé wine in Vin de Savoie AOP?

A

Gamay, Mondeuse, and Pinot Noir

53
Q

Which cru in Vin de Savoie AOP produces 100% Rousanne wines?

A

Chignin-Bergeron

54
Q

Which crus are located along the southern shores of Lake Geneva and which grape mostly used?

A

Marignan, Ripaille, and Crépy, and mandate a minimum 80% Chasselas

55
Q

What grape is used in Roussette de Savoie AOP?

A

Roussette is a synonym for the Altesse grape, and the appellation’s wines are 100% varietal.

56
Q

In Savoie AOP which AOP is north of Lake Bourget and what kind of wine styles are produced?

A

Seyssel AOP provides dry and off-dry, still and mousseux wines.

57
Q

Still Seyssel wines are typically 100% of what grape?

A

Altesse
although varietally labelled Molette is also permitted.

58
Q

Which grapes in Seyssel AOP make up sparkling wines?

A

Minimum 75% Molette and minimum 10% Altesse, along with Chasselas.

59
Q

sparkling méthode ancestrale rosés may be found labeled as what?

A

Bugey Cerdon

60
Q

Where is Bugey located and what styles of wine are produced?

A

Upgraded to AOP in May 2009, and is to the west of Lake Bourget and produces still wines of all three colors in addition to the sparkling rosé Bugey-Cerdon

61
Q

Which grape makes up Roussette du Bugey AOP?

A

100% Altesse

62
Q

When was Crémant de Savoie AOP est and what grapes are used in production?

A

Est. in 2015.
Many are based on Jacquere, but they commonly see Altesse, Chardonnay, and some red varieties.

63
Q

What river runs through Bugey and Seyssel?

A

Rhone River

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