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Adelaide Super Zone Flashcards

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Introductory Sommelier Exam (CMS) flashcards
1
Q

Who planted the first vineyard in Barossa?

A

1847 Bavarian immigrant Johann Gramp planted a vineyard along the banks of Jacob’s Creek in Rowland Flat, establishing Orlando Wines, the region’s first commercial winery and the company behind the modern “Jacob’s Creek” brand.

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2
Q

What are some of the oldest vines in Barossa?

A

Shiraz, Langmeil’s “Freedom” vineyard, planted in 1843. Cirillo owns a 3HA parcel of Grenache planted in 1850. Hewitson produces Mataro from the Koch family’s “Old Garden” of vines dating to 1853. Australia’s oldest plot of Cab Sauv vines, Penfolds’ “Block 42,” lies in Kalimna, northern Barossa Valley and dates to 1888.

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3
Q

How does Barossa’s Old Vine Charter classify vineyard age in the region?

A

Developed by Yalumba. Old (at least 35 years of age), Survivor (at least 70 years of age), Centenarian (at least 100 years old), and Ancestor (at least 125 years old)

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4
Q

Describe Barossa Valley GI?

A

Latitude at 3429’ S. GI was est. in 1991, first plantings in 1840’s, 4th largest overall, 100-300 meters in elevation, warm continental Region III with a mean Jan temp of 70F (21*C). The hot, flat Barossa Valley floor has deep, low fertility loamy clay soils and a plentiful reserve of underground water to accommodate irrigation during the region’s dry summers. Seasonal rainfall is 160mm (6.3in) and 1492 sunlight hours Oct-April. Major natural feature is Barossa Ranges (the hills of Eden Valley on eastern border.

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5
Q

Describe a classic style Shiraz?

A

The classic picture of Australian Shiraz—intense flavors of chocolate, prune and date, wrapped in velvety tannins and emboldened by high, mentholated alcohol levels, often in excess of 15%

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6
Q

Name some top bottling from Barossa?

A

Penfold’s “Grange”, Elderton’s “the Command,” and Torbreck’s “RunRig” and “The Laird”

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7
Q

Describe a Barossa Sparkling Shiraz?

A

A base Shiraz is fermented to dryness and aged in oak prior to undergoing a second fermentation in tank, typically, sweetness is added through a small dosage of Australian Tawny, and most examples are at least semi-sweet in style. For good examples, Rockford and Peter Rumball.

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8
Q

Name a top example of Semillon in Barossa?

A

Peter Lehmann’s “Margaret,” sourced from a 1929 Semillon vineyard

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9
Q

Who planted the first vineyard in Eden Valley?

A

Englishman named Joseph Gilbert planted his Pewsey Vale vineyard in 1847

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10
Q

Describe Eden Valley?

A

Latitude 34* 35’ S. Gi est. in 1997 with first plantings in 1847. Eden Valley is cooler, higher in elevation than Barossa Valley (400-600 meters above sea level). Mean temp of 67F (19.4C). Variable loamy sand and clay loams, with intermixed quartz and gravel. 280mm (11in) of seasonal rain with Barossa Ranges as a major natural feature.

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11
Q

Describe an Eden Valley Riesling?

A

A reminder of the area’s German heritage, it is classically dry, sharply acidic, and dripping with lime flavor. Riesling occupies over one-quarter of its vineyard real estate.

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12
Q

What is the highest point in Eden Valley called?

A

Sub-region of High Eden GI, an area first championed in the 1970s by Mountadam, one of Australia’s pioneering producers of Chardonnay.

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13
Q

Examples of Barossa old vines?

A

Pewsey Vale, The Contours Riesling, Eden Valley. Chateau Tanunda, Old Vine Semillon, Barossa Valley
Bethany, LE Shiraz, Barossa Valley

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14
Q

Examples of Barossa survivor vines?

A

Kalleske, Old Vine Grenache, Barossa Valley
Burge Family Winemakers, Garnacha, Barossa Valley
The Willows Vineyard, Single Vineyard Semillon, Barossa Valley
Teusner, Avatar Grenache Shiraz Mataro, Barossa Valley.

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15
Q

Examples of Barossa centenarian vines?

A

Henschke, Mount Edelstone Shiraz, Eden Valley
Elderton Command Single Vineyard Shiraz,
Barossa Valley
Chateau Tanunda The Chateau Shiraz, Barossa

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16
Q

Examples of Barossa Ancestor vines?

A

Cirillo Estate, 1850 Grenache, Barossa Valley
Hewitson, Old Garden Mourvèdre, Barossa Valley
Langmeil, The Freedom 1843 Shiraz, Barossa Valley
Henschke, Hill of Grace Shiraz, Eden Valley
Penfolds, Block 42 Cabernet Sauvignon, Barossa Valley
Poonawatta Estate, The 1880 Shiraz, Eden Valley

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17
Q

Which regions are in the Fleurieu zone?

A

McClaren Vale, Langhorne Creek, Currency Creek, Southern Fleurieu, Kangaroo Island

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18
Q

What are the zones of South Australia?

A

Far North, The Peninsulas, Mount Lofty Ranges, Barossa, Lower Murray, Fleurieu, Limestone Coast
Adelaide super zone (Barossa, Fleurieu, Mount Lofty Ranges)

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19
Q

Mount Lofty Range regions?

A

Adelaide Hills, Adelaide Plains, Clare Valley with Lenswood and Piccadilly Valley as sub-regions

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20
Q

Far North regions?

A

Southern Flinders Range

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21
Q

Which regions are in the Limestone Coast?

A

Coonawarra, Mount Benson, Padthaway, Robe, Wrattonbully, Mount Gambier

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22
Q

Lower Murray regions?

A

Riverland

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23
Q

What are the major grapes of Barossa Valley and total hectares?

A

Reds (85%) Shiraz (51%of total plantings) Cabernet Sauvignon, Grenache
Whites (15%) Chardonnay, Semillon
10,350 HA

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24
Q

Key producers in Barossa Valley?

A

Seppeltsfield, Torbreck, Peter Lehman, Penfold’s, Two Hands, Turkey Flat, Wolf Blass

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25
Q

Major towns of Barossa Valley?

A

Angaston, Tanunda, Nuriootpa, Williamstown, Lyndoch.

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26
Q

What is the difference in style of an Eden Valley Shiraz vs Barossa Valley?

A

Shiraz shows more elegance, spice, and red fruit character in Eden Valley.

27
Q

Key producers in Eden Valley?

A

Henschke, Pewsey Vale, Yalumba, Mountadam,
Hutton Vale

28
Q

Major towns and Sub-regions of Eden Valley?

A

Eden Vally, Keyneton.
Sub region High Eden GI

29
Q

Major grapes of Eden Valley and total hectares?

A

Reds (54%) Shiraz, Cabernet Sauvignon
Whites (46%) Riesling, Chardonnay, Semillon
2,270 HA

30
Q

How many meters is Eden Valley above sea level?

A

400-600 meters

31
Q

When was the “Hill of Grace” planted?

A

in 1860 (8HA)

32
Q

What Gi’s are in Fleurie?

A

McLaren Vale Gi, Langhorne Creek Gi, Currency Creek Gi,
Southern Fleurie Gi, Kangaroo Island Gi

33
Q

Major grapes of McLaren Vale Gi?

A

Red grapes (86%) Shiraz, Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot, Grenache
White grapes (14%) Chardonnay

34
Q

What will a classic Shiraz from McLaren Gi Vale taste like?

A

Shiraz in McLaren Vale is typically an intense experience, with brooding tannins, high alcohol levels (14-15%) and deep blue fruits

35
Q

List the seven terranes (soil) types in McLaren Vale Gi?

A

Ancient bedrock, Sand and Sandstone, Limestone, Clay, Alluvial deposits, Talus slope (variable soils near the Wilunga Fault), Alluvial flats

36
Q

Major natural features in McLaren Vale Gi?

A

Gulf of Saint Vincent (western boundary)
Adelaide Hills (eastern boundary)

37
Q

Name some key producers from McLaren Vale Gi?

A

Chapel Hill, Clarendon Hills, D’Arenberg, Vitolo,
Yangarra

38
Q

Describe the climate in McLaren Vale Gi?

A

Warm Mediterranean (with substantial variation)
1910 (Region III) (71*F)

39
Q

Who is Langhorne Creeks longest running producer?

A

Matala, 1860

40
Q

Major natural features in Langhorne Creek and temperature?

A

Lake Alexandria
Bremer and Angas Rivers
67.8*F

41
Q

Key producers in Langhorne Creek Gi?

A

Bremerton Wines, Bleasdale Vineyard, Jacobs Creek

42
Q

Major natural features and temperature in Currency Creek Gi?

A

Murray River (mouth)
Lake Alexandria and Encounter Bay
65*F

43
Q

Major natural features and temperature in Southern Fleurie Gi?

A

Southern Ocean and Gulf of St. Vincent
67*F

44
Q

Major natural features in Kangaroo Island Gi and temperature?

A

Southern Ocean
67*F

45
Q

What is the soil in Clare Valley Gi and elevation?

A

Slate (Polish Hill) and Terra Rossa over
limestone (Watervale)
400-500 meters

46
Q

Climates in Clare Valley Gi?

A

Polish Hill River 1465 DD Region II
Clare 1767 Region III
Sevenhill 1891 Region IV

47
Q

Major natural features in Clare Valley Gi?

A

Mount Lofty Ranges

48
Q

Key producers in Clare Valley Gi?

A

Grosset, Jim Barry, Sevenhill Cellars

49
Q

Describe a Shiraz from Clare Valley Gi?

A

Rich and round in style, with slightly less weight and alcohol than one would encounter in Barossa Valley

50
Q

Describe a Riesling from Clare Valley Gi?

A

Extremely dry, with nearly excruciating acidity. Lime, flowers, and tart stone fruit flavors characterize the wines, which often finish in the neighborhood of 12.5-13% abv.

51
Q

Inside Clare Valley Gi where would you find premium Riesling?

A

Watervale and Polish Hill

52
Q

What are the sub-regions of Adelaide Hills Gi and major natural features?

A

Lenswood Gi and Piccadilly Valley Gi
South Mount Lofty Ranges

53
Q

Major grapes of Adelaide Hills Gi and temperature?

A

Red grapes (37%) Pinot Noir, Merlot
White grapes (63%) Sauvignon Blanc, Chardonnay,
Pinot Gris
66*F

54
Q

Key producers in Adelaide Hills Gi?

A

Petaluma, Shaw + Shaw, BK wines

55
Q

As far as climate, what are the differences between Adelaide Hills Gi and Adelaide Plains Gi?

A

Adelaide Hills is the coolest and rainiest region within the entire Adelaide Super Zone, whereas the Adelaide Plains is the warmest, and nearly its driest.

56
Q

Key producers in Adelaide Plains Gi?

A

Penfolds (Magic Hill), Primo Estate

57
Q

Which Gi’s are located in the Limestone Coast zone?

A

Coonawarra Gi, Padthaway Gi, Wrattonbully Gi, Mount Gambier Gi, Mount Benson Gi, Robe Gi

58
Q

What type of soil is found in Coonawarra Gi and its features?

A

Terra Rossa soil, tinted red by iron oxide, clay loam over soft limestone. Great for drainage and storage
Black and brown Rendzina soil

59
Q

Describe Coonawarra Gi’s climate and main grape varieties?

A

Cool Mediterranean and a region II DD (1432)
Red varieties: Cabernet Sauvignon, Shiraz, Merlot
White varieties: Chardonnay, Sauvignon Blanc, Riesling, Pinot Gris

60
Q

Describe a typical Coonawarra Gi Cabernet Sauvignon?

A

Showcases distinctive ripe red berry fruits alongside cassis, followed by sweet herb and dried mint secondary tones, medium body, moderate alcohol levels between 13%-14%.

61
Q

Who planted the first grapevines in Coonawarra Gi?

A

Scottish migrant John Riddoch in 1861 near the town of Penola, at his estate Chateau Comaum.

62
Q

Which other winemakers truly signaled a new beginning for the Coonawarra Gi region and their top bottling?

A

Samuel and David Lynn in 1951.
“John Riddoch” Estate Cabernet Sauvignon since 1982

63
Q

Top producers in Coonawarra Gi?

A

Penley Estate, Wynns Coonawarra Estate, Majella

64
Q
A

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