Tendon Injuries Flashcards
Structure
Muscle/tendon composite unit Muscle origin and belly Musculotendinous junction Tendon +/- seasmoid bone/sheath Tendinous insertion into bone Collagen bundle in endotenon --> fascicles in paratenon --> tendon in epitenon
How are tendons connected to tendon sheath?
Vincula
What is tendon sheath?
Thickenings which form strong angular pulleys
Function of tendons
Flexible and strong in tension
Types of tendon injury
Degeneration, inflammation, enthesiopathy, traction apophysitis, avulsion +/- bone fragment, tear, laceration, crush, nodules
Degeneration example
Achilles tendon
Degeneration features
Intrasubstance mucoid degeneration
Swollen, tender, asymptomatic
Precursor to rupture
Inflammation of tendon example
de Quervain’s tenovagintis
Features of inflammation of tendon
Swollen, tender, hot, red
Enthesiopathy features
Inflammation at insertion to bone
Usually muscle origin rather than tendon insertion
(can also occur with ligaments - plantar fasciitis)
Injury example
Osgood schlatters
Features of Osgood Schlatter’s
Insertion of patellar tendon into anterior tibial tuberosity
Adolescent active boys
Recurrent load
Inflammation
Avulsion +/- bone fragment
Failure at insertion
Load exceeding failure strength while muscle contraction
Example of avulsion
Mallet finger
Insertion of extensor tendon into dorsum base of distal phalanx of finger
Forced flexion of extended finger
Treatment fo avulsion
Conservative - retract tendon
Operative - reattachment of tendon through bone, fixation of bone fragment
